Effectiveness of India's National Programme to save the girl child: experience of Beti Bachao Beti Padao (B3P) programme from Haryana State.

The Government of India launched a nationwide programme to save and educate the girl child, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (B3P), by stringent prohibition of sex-selective abortion, enforcement of Preconception and Prenatal Diagnostic Technique (PC-PNDT) and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Acts, and social mobilization. We undertook this study to assess the effectiveness of intervention in Haryana state to improve sex ratio at birth (SRB). The monthly data on SRB (represented as girls per 1000 boys) were collected from civil registration system for the entire state of Haryana to evaluate the impact of B3P programme. The segmented time-series regression analysis was used to estimate the change in SRB after B3P programme. In this process, the seasonal auto regressive integrated moving average model was used to control the seasonality, autocorrelation and secular trend imbibed in the data before calculating the estimate of change in slope using regression equation. Overall, the sex ratio at birth in Haryana increased from 827 girls per 1000 boys in January 2005 to 900 girls per 1000 boys in September 2016. The estimates from segmented time-series regression analysis show that there was an insignificant change in SRB of -0.012 units before the intervention. Post slope was estimated to be 1.684, which suggested an increase in SRB of 1.696 [(confidence interval: 0.23, 3.15), P = 0.025] in terms of the difference between pre- and post-slope. This indicates a statistically significant increase of SRB by 1.696 per month attributable to B3P programme. B3P programme has resulted in an improvement of SRB in Haryana.