D P Gigante1,2, Gva de França1,2, E De Lucia Rolfe2, N P Lima1, J V Dos Santos Motta1,3, H Gonçalves1, B L Horta1, F C Barros1,3, K K Ong2. 1. Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. 2. Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 3. Post-graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential long-term effects of adolescent parenthood on completed education and income. DESIGN: Population-based birth cohort study. SETTING: All live births in 1982, whose mothers lived in the urban area of Pelotas, southern Brazil. SAMPLE: A total of 3701 participants: 1914 women and 1787 men at age 30 years. METHODS: Questionnaires were completed by the mothers in the early phases of this study, and by the cohort members in adolescence and adulthood. Linear regression models and G-computation were used in the analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Educational attainment and income at age 30 years. RESULTS: In women, adolescent parenthood was associated with lower attained education compared with women without adolescent maternity: by -2.8 years [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.2 to -2.3] if their first birth was at age 16-19, and by -4.4 years (-5.5 to -3.3) at age 11-15. These effects were greater among women who had three or more children. Women with adolescent parenthood also had 49 or 33% lower income at age 30 if their first child was born when aged 16-19 or 11-15, respectively. In men, the adverse effect of adolescent parenthood on education appeared to be mediated by a higher number of children and there was no effect of adolescent paternity on income at age 30 years. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest lasting socio-economic disadvantages of adolescent parenthood, with larger effects being apparent in women than in men. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Adolescent parenthood has an adverse effect on educational attainment later in life, and on household income among women.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential long-term effects of adolescent parenthood on completed education and income. DESIGN: Population-based birth cohort study. SETTING: All live births in 1982, whose mothers lived in the urban area of Pelotas, southern Brazil. SAMPLE: A total of 3701 participants: 1914 women and 1787 men at age 30 years. METHODS: Questionnaires were completed by the mothers in the early phases of this study, and by the cohort members in adolescence and adulthood. Linear regression models and G-computation were used in the analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Educational attainment and income at age 30 years. RESULTS: In women, adolescent parenthood was associated with lower attained education compared with women without adolescent maternity: by -2.8 years [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.2 to -2.3] if their first birth was at age 16-19, and by -4.4 years (-5.5 to -3.3) at age 11-15. These effects were greater among women who had three or more children. Women with adolescent parenthood also had 49 or 33% lower income at age 30 if their first child was born when aged 16-19 or 11-15, respectively. In men, the adverse effect of adolescent parenthood on education appeared to be mediated by a higher number of children and there was no effect of adolescent paternity on income at age 30 years. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest lasting socio-economic disadvantages of adolescent parenthood, with larger effects being apparent in women than in men. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Adolescent parenthood has an adverse effect on educational attainment later in life, and on household income among women.
Authors: Denise P Gigante; Cesar G Victora; Helen Gonçalves; Rosângela C Lima; Fernando C Barros; Kathleen M Rasmussen Journal: Rev Panam Salud Publica Date: 2004-07
Authors: Caroline H D Fall; Harshpal Singh Sachdev; Clive Osmond; Maria Clara Restrepo-Mendez; Cesar Victora; Reynaldo Martorell; Aryeh D Stein; Shikha Sinha; Nikhil Tandon; Linda Adair; Isabelita Bas; Shane Norris; Linda M Richter Journal: Lancet Glob Health Date: 2015-05-18 Impact factor: 26.763
Authors: Bernardo Lessa Horta; Denise P Gigante; Helen Gonçalves; JanainaVieira dos Santos Motta; Christian Loret de Mola; Isabel O Oliveira; Fernando C Barros; Cesar G Victora Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2015-03-02 Impact factor: 7.196