Novel systemic drugs in treatment of atopic dermatitis: results from phase II and phase III studies published in 2017/2018.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present review will give an update of recently published clinical studies on novel systemic treatment approaches in atopic dermatitis. RECENT
FINDINGS: Until 2017 immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine had to be used in atopic dermatitis when the disease could not sufficiently be treated with topical drugs. Several new substances specifically targeting inflammation in atopic dermatitis are currently studied. In 2017, dupilumab was approved in the United States and in Europe for first-line biologic treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in adults. The antibody blocks a subunit of the interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 receptor, thus inhibiting effects of two key cytokines in type 2 polarized inflammation. In addition to the studies on dupilumab recent clinical investigations on the effects on anti-IL-13 (lebrikizumab, tralokinumab), anti-IL-31 receptor (nemolizumab), anti-IL-22 (fezakinumab), and on small molecules targeting the histamine-4-receptor (ZPL389) and the Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib have been published as full papers in the last 2 years.
SUMMARY: A couple of promising novel therapeutical targets have recently been investigated and published in clinical trials on atopic dermatitis.