Perinatal Sleep Problems: Causes, Complications, and Management.

Changes in sleep are ubiquitous in the perinatal period and it is important to be able to determine when these changes are significant enough to indicate sleep deficiency associated with increased risk for poor maternal and infant outcomes. Guidelines for identifying sleep deficiency include insomnia symptoms, excessively shortened sleep duration, and perception of insufficient or nonrestful sleep. Causes and complicating factors related to such sleep problems have been well-documented and are used to tailor behavioral and pharmacologic treatments for women who are pregnant or in the early postpartum period.