M Eugenia Socias1,2, M-J Milloy3,4. 1. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada. 2. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada. 3. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada. bccsu-mjm@bccsu.ubc.ca. 4. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada. bccsu-mjm@bccsu.ubc.ca.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: People who use drugs face multiple challenges to achieve optimal HIV treatment outcomes. This review discusses the current knowledge in substance use and antiretroviral therapy adherence, highlighting recent findings and potential interventions. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies continue to demonstrate the negative impacts of substance use and related disorders on antiretroviral therapy adherence, with the exception of cannabis. Evidence-based addiction treatment, in particular, opioid agonist therapy, appears to improve adherence levels. Most individual-level adherence specific interventions did not provide sustained effects, and no studies evaluating structural-level interventions were found. Findings suggest the urgent need to scale-up opioid agonist therapy, as well as to simultaneously address multiple structural barriers to care to optimize HIV treatment outcomes among people who use drugs.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: People who use drugs face multiple challenges to achieve optimal HIV treatment outcomes. This review discusses the current knowledge in substance use and antiretroviral therapy adherence, highlighting recent findings and potential interventions. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies continue to demonstrate the negative impacts of substance use and related disorders on antiretroviral therapy adherence, with the exception of cannabis. Evidence-based addiction treatment, in particular, opioid agonist therapy, appears to improve adherence levels. Most individual-level adherence specific interventions did not provide sustained effects, and no studies evaluating structural-level interventions were found. Findings suggest the urgent need to scale-up opioid agonist therapy, as well as to simultaneously address multiple structural barriers to care to optimize HIV treatment outcomes among people who use drugs.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adherence; Antiretroviral therapy; Cannabis; Opioid agonist therapy; People who inject drugs; People who use drugs
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