Hirofumi Hamano1,2, Marin Mitsui2, Yoshito Zamami3,4, Kenshi Takechi5, Takahiro Nimura2, Naoto Okada1, Keijo Fukushima6, Masaki Imanishi1, Masayuki Chuma5, Yuya Horinouchi7, Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa7, Yasushi Kirino1, Toshimi Nakamura1, Kazuhiko Teraoka1, Yasumasa Ikeda7, Hiromichi Fujino6, Hiroaki Yanagawa5, Toshiaki Tamaki7, Keisuke Ishizawa1,2. 1. Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan. 2. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan. 3. Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan. zamami@tokushima-u.ac.jp. 4. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan. zamami@tokushima-u.ac.jp. 5. Clinical Trial Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan. 6. Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan. 7. Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan, is reabsorbed by the intestinal tract during excretion, causing diarrhoea and neutropenia. In addition, the association between blood levels of SN-38 and neutropenia has been reported previously, and the rapid excretion of SN-38 from the intestinal tract is considered to prevent neutropenia. Oral alkalization drugs are used as prophylactic agents for suppressing SN-38 reabsorption. The relationship between oral alkalization drugs and neutropenia, however, has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral alkalization drugs and neutropenia in irinotecan-treated patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with cervical or ovarian cancer were administered irinotecan and investigated by medical chart reviews to determine whether oral alkalization drugs were effective at ameliorating irinotecan-induced neutropenia. The drug combination in the oral alkalization drugs-ursodeoxycholic acid, magnesium oxide, and sodium hydrogen carbonate-significantly improved neutrophil counts and reduced dose intensity compared with those of non-users. In the large-scale Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database, the reporting odds ratio of irinotecan-induced neutropenia was significantly lower when irinotecan had been given in combination with oral alkalization drugs. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that oral alkalization drugs may reduce the frequency of neutropenia caused by irinotecan administration, making it possible to increase the dose safely.
PURPOSE:SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan, is reabsorbed by the intestinal tract during excretion, causing diarrhoea and neutropenia. In addition, the association between blood levels of SN-38 and neutropenia has been reported previously, and the rapid excretion of SN-38 from the intestinal tract is considered to prevent neutropenia. Oral alkalization drugs are used as prophylactic agents for suppressing SN-38 reabsorption. The relationship between oral alkalization drugs and neutropenia, however, has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral alkalization drugs and neutropenia in irinotecan-treated patients. METHODS AND RESULTS:Patients with cervical or ovarian cancer were administered irinotecan and investigated by medical chart reviews to determine whether oral alkalization drugs were effective at ameliorating irinotecan-induced neutropenia. The drug combination in the oral alkalization drugs-ursodeoxycholic acid, magnesium oxide, and sodium hydrogen carbonate-significantly improved neutrophil counts and reduced dose intensity compared with those of non-users. In the large-scale Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database, the reporting odds ratio of irinotecan-induced neutropenia was significantly lower when irinotecan had been given in combination with oral alkalization drugs. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that oral alkalization drugs may reduce the frequency of neutropenia caused by irinotecan administration, making it possible to increase the dose safely.
Entities:
Keywords:
Alkalization drugs; Irinotecan; JADER; SN-38; Supportive care