Anárya Teresa de Freitas Rocha1, Giovana Mira de Espindola1,2, Maria Regiane Araujo Soares3, José de Ribamar de Sousa Rocha1,4, Carlos Henrique Nery Costa5,6. 1. Graduate Program in Development and Environment, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI. 2. Technology Center, Department of Transportation, Minister Petrônio Portella Campus, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI. 3. Amílcar Ferreira Sobral Campus, Federal University of Piauí, Floriano, PI. 4. Center for Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Minister Petrônio Portella Campus, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI. 5. Department of Community Medicine, Minister Petrônio Portella Campus, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI. 6. Natan Portella Institute for Tropical Diseases, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is considered an urban endemic that may be related to sociodemographic factors and urban infrastructure. The objective of this study was to analyze the conditions of vulnerability and the incidence of VL, and to identify the spatiotemporal pattern of the disease. METHODS: Data on reported cases of VL were collected from 2007 to 2016. Thematic maps on the spatiotemporal distribution were produced using values normalized by the area of the neighborhoods. The primary indicators of vulnerability were normalized for later construction of the synthetic indicators of vulnerability of social structure, household structure, and urban infrastructure, and from these, a vulnerability index was developed. The bivariate global Moran index was used to verify the existence of spatial autocorrelation between the incidence of VL and the conditions of vulnerability, while the bivariate local Moran index was used to identify the existence of spatial clusters. RESULTS: The 695 cases reported presented a diffuse distribution when the spatial pattern was evaluated. The incidence of the disease was correlated with worsened living conditions. Statistically significant clusters were revealed between the incidence of the disease and the vulnerability indicators of social structure, household structure, urban infrastructure and composite vulnerability index. CONCLUSION: Addressing the local vulnerability conditions is important to the understanding of the distribution of visceral leishmaniasis, identifying the most susceptible areas, and planning control strategies.
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is considered an urban endemic that may be related to sociodemographic factors and urban infrastructure. The objective of this study was to analyze the conditions of vulnerability and the incidence of VL, and to identify the spatiotemporal pattern of the disease. METHODS: Data on reported cases of VL were collected from 2007 to 2016. Thematic maps on the spatiotemporal distribution were produced using values normalized by the area of the neighborhoods. The primary indicators of vulnerability were normalized for later construction of the synthetic indicators of vulnerability of social structure, household structure, and urban infrastructure, and from these, a vulnerability index was developed. The bivariate global Moran index was used to verify the existence of spatial autocorrelation between the incidence of VL and the conditions of vulnerability, while the bivariate local Moran index was used to identify the existence of spatial clusters. RESULTS: The 695 cases reported presented a diffuse distribution when the spatial pattern was evaluated. The incidence of the disease was correlated with worsened living conditions. Statistically significant clusters were revealed between the incidence of the disease and the vulnerability indicators of social structure, household structure, urban infrastructure and composite vulnerability index. CONCLUSION: Addressing the local vulnerability conditions is important to the understanding of the distribution of visceral leishmaniasis, identifying the most susceptible areas, and planning control strategies.
Authors: Marília Fonseca Rocha; Érika Monteiro Michalsky; Fabiana de Oliveira Lara-Silva; Josiane Lopes Valadão; João Carlos França-Silva; Letícia Cavalari Pinheiro; Joel Fontes de Sousa; Ronaldo Cardoso Dos Santos; Marcelo Dias Soares; Consuelo Latorre Fortes-Dias; Edelberto Santos Dias Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2020-02-20
Authors: Caique J N Ribeiro; Allan D Dos Santos; Shirley V M A Lima; Eliete R da Silva; Bianca V S Ribeiro; Andrezza M Duque; Marcus V S Peixoto; Priscila L Dos Santos; Iris M de Oliveira; Michael W Lipscomb; Karina C G M de Araújo; Tatiana R de Moura Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2021-01-19