Simone P Fernandes1,2, Katia Kvitko1, Juliana da Silva3, Paula Rohr1, Eliane Bandinelli1, Vivian F Kahl4, Camila Mai5, Nathália Brenner5, Fernanda R da Silva6. 1. a Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil. 2. b Nutrition Department, Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis , Laureate International Universities , Porto Alegre , Brazil. 3. c Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil. 4. d Telomere Length Regulation Unit , Children's Medical Research Institute , Sydney , Australia. 5. e School of Nutrition , University of Santa Cruz do Sul , Santa Cruz do Sul , RS , Brazil. 6. f Master's Degree in Environmental Impact Evaluation , La Salle University , Canoas , RS , Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Genetic damage may occur spontaneously under normal metabolic circumstances, inadequate intake of nutrients, and excessive exposure to environmental mutagens. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of the intake of micronutrients vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folate and of the polymorphism methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T on the induction of DNA damage in tobacco farmers. METHODS: The study involved 66 men and 44 women engaged in tobacco cultivation in the region of Venâncio Aires (Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil). Peripheral blood samples were collected to analyze DNA damage using the Comet assay, the micronucleus (MN) test and MTHFR C677T polymorphism. Dietary intake was evaluated based on the mean values obtained from three 24-h diet recall questionnaires, and nutrient intake data were computerized and estimated in the Food Processor SQL 10.9 program. The statistical tests used to generate the stated results were Kruskal-Wallis test, Exact Fisher's test, and multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS: DNA damage was significantly higher in individuals who had an inadequate intake of folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 (P < 0.01) assessed by Comet assay. In relation to MN test results, buccal cells showed MN frequency higher in individuals with inadequate intake of vitamin B6 (P < 0.01). No difference was observed in MN lymphocytes frequency. No significant association was detected between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and DNA damage in tobacco farmers. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 deficiency may be associated with genotoxic effect in individuals exposed to pesticides.
BACKGROUND: Genetic damage may occur spontaneously under normal metabolic circumstances, inadequate intake of nutrients, and excessive exposure to environmental mutagens. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of the intake of micronutrients vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folate and of the polymorphism methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T on the induction of DNA damage in tobacco farmers. METHODS: The study involved 66 men and 44 women engaged in tobacco cultivation in the region of Venâncio Aires (Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil). Peripheral blood samples were collected to analyze DNA damage using the Comet assay, the micronucleus (MN) test and MTHFRC677T polymorphism. Dietary intake was evaluated based on the mean values obtained from three 24-h diet recall questionnaires, and nutrient intake data were computerized and estimated in the Food Processor SQL 10.9 program. The statistical tests used to generate the stated results were Kruskal-Wallis test, Exact Fisher's test, and multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS: DNA damage was significantly higher in individuals who had an inadequate intake of folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 (P < 0.01) assessed by Comet assay. In relation to MN test results, buccal cells showed MN frequency higher in individuals with inadequate intake of vitamin B6 (P < 0.01). No difference was observed in MN lymphocytes frequency. No significant association was detected between MTHFRC677T polymorphism and DNA damage in tobacco farmers. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 deficiency may be associated with genotoxic effect in individuals exposed to pesticides.
Entities:
Keywords:
DNA damage; Folate; MTHFR C677T polymorphism; tobacco farmers; vitamin
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