ICFS Clustering With Multiple Representatives for Large Data.

With the prevailing development of Cyber-physical-social systems and Internet of Things, large-scale data have been collected consistently. Mining large data effectively and efficiently becomes increasingly important to promote the development and improve the service quality of these applications. Clustering, a popular data mining technique, aims to identify underlying patterns hidden in the data. Most clustering methods assume the static data, thus they are unfavorable for analyzing large, unbalanced dynamic data. In this paper, to address this concern, we focus on incremental clustering by extending the novel [clustering by fast search (CFS) and find of density peaks] method to incrementally handle large-scale dynamic data. Specifically, we first discuss two challenges, i.e., assignment of new arriving objects and dynamic adjustment of clusters, in incremental CFS (ICFS) clustering. We then propose two ICFS clustering algorithms, ICFS with multiple representatives (ICFSMR) and the enhanced ICFSMR (E_ICFSMR) to tackle the two challenges. In ICFSMR, we explore the convex hull theory to modify the representatives identified for each cluster. E_ICFSMR improves the generality and effectiveness of ICFSMR by exploring one-time cluster adjustment strategy after integration of each data chunk. We evaluate the proposed methods with extensive experiments on four benchmark data sets, as well as the air quality and traffic monitoring time series, with comparisons to CFS and other three state-of-the-art incremental clustering methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform the compared methods in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency.