Harriët F A Zoon1, Suzanne E M de Bruijn1, Paul A M Smeets2, Cees de Graaf1, Ignace M C Janssen3, Wendy Schijns3, Edo O Aarts3, Gerry Jager1, Sanne Boesveldt4. 1. Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. 2. Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 3. Vitalys Obesity Centre, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands. 4. Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: sanne.boesveldt@wur.nl.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, patients report a shift in food preferences away from high-energy foods. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this shift in food preferences by assessing changes in neural responses to food pictures and odors before and after RYGB. Additionally, we investigated whether altered neural responsivity was associated with changes in plasma endocannabinoid and ghrelin concentrations. DESIGN: 19 RYGB patients (4 men; age 41 ± 10 years; BMI 41 ± 1 kg/m2 before; BMI 36 ± 1 kg/m2 after) participated in this study. Before and two months after RYGB surgery, they rated their food preferences using the Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task and BOLD fMRI responses towards pictures and odors of high-, and low-energy foods and non-food items were measured. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma endocannabinoid and ghrelin concentrations pre- and post-surgery. RESULTS: Patients demonstrated a shift in food preferences away from high-fat/sweet and towards low-energy/savory food products, which correlated with decreased superior parietal lobule responsivity to high-energy food odor and a reduced difference in precuneus responsivity to high-energy versus low-energy food pictures. In the anteroventral prefrontal cortex (superior frontal gyrus) the difference in deactivation towards high-energy versus non-food odors reduced. The precuneus was less deactivated in response to all cues. Plasma concentrations of anandamide were higher after surgery, while plasma concentrations of other endocannabinoids and ghrelin did not change. Alterations in appetite-related hormone concentrations did not correlate with changes in neural responsivity. CONCLUSIONS: RYGB leads to changed responsivity of the frontoparietal control network that orchestrates top-down control to high-energy food compared to low-energy food and non-food cues, rather than in reward related brain regions, in a satiated state. Together with correlations with the shift in food preference from high- to low-energy foods this indicates a possible role in new food preference formation.
BACKGROUND: After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, patients report a shift in food preferences away from high-energy foods. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this shift in food preferences by assessing changes in neural responses to food pictures and odors before and after RYGB. Additionally, we investigated whether altered neural responsivity was associated with changes in plasma endocannabinoid and ghrelin concentrations. DESIGN: 19 RYGB patients (4 men; age 41 ± 10 years; BMI 41 ± 1 kg/m2 before; BMI 36 ± 1 kg/m2 after) participated in this study. Before and two months after RYGB surgery, they rated their food preferences using the Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task and BOLD fMRI responses towards pictures and odors of high-, and low-energy foods and non-food items were measured. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma endocannabinoid and ghrelin concentrations pre- and post-surgery. RESULTS:Patients demonstrated a shift in food preferences away from high-fat/sweet and towards low-energy/savory food products, which correlated with decreased superior parietal lobule responsivity to high-energy food odor and a reduced difference in precuneus responsivity to high-energy versus low-energy food pictures. In the anteroventral prefrontal cortex (superior frontal gyrus) the difference in deactivation towards high-energy versus non-food odors reduced. The precuneus was less deactivated in response to all cues. Plasma concentrations of anandamide were higher after surgery, while plasma concentrations of other endocannabinoids and ghrelin did not change. Alterations in appetite-related hormone concentrations did not correlate with changes in neural responsivity. CONCLUSIONS: RYGB leads to changed responsivity of the frontoparietal control network that orchestrates top-down control to high-energy food compared to low-energy food and non-food cues, rather than in reward related brain regions, in a satiated state. Together with correlations with the shift in food preference from high- to low-energy foods this indicates a possible role in new food preference formation.
Authors: Kimberly R Smith; Afroditi Papantoni; Maria G Veldhuizen; Vidyulata Kamath; Civonnia Harris; Timothy H Moran; Susan Carnell; Kimberley E Steele Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2020-08-03 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Cristina Martín-Pérez; Oren Contreras-Rodríguez; Antoni Pastor; Erynn Christensen; Zane B Andrews; Rafael de la Torre; Antonio Verdejo-García Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2021-07-02 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: J Malte Bumb; Falk Kiefer; Patrick Bach; Martin Grosshans; Anne Koopmann; Peter Kienle; Georgi Vassilev; Mirko Otto Journal: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2020-12-17 Impact factor: 5.270
Authors: Ingvild Kristine Blom-Høgestøl; Martin Aasbrenn; Monica Chahal-Kummen; Cathrine Brunborg; Inger Eribe; Jon Kristinsson; Per G Farup; Tom Mala Journal: BMC Gastroenterol Date: 2019-12-02 Impact factor: 3.067