Toni L Pitcher1,2,3, Daniel J Myall2, John F Pearson4, Cameron J Lacey5, John C Dalrymple-Alford2,3,6, Tim J Anderson1,2,3,7, Michael R MacAskill1,2. 1. Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. 2. New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand. 3. Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa. 4. Biostatistic and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. 5. Māori and Indigenous Health Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. 6. Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. 7. Neurology Department, Canterbury District Health Board, New Zealand.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: New Zealand is an ethnically diverse country with a unified national prescribing system. This provides a good framework to use drug-tracing methodology to establish the prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease across different ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease in the major ethnic groups in New Zealand. METHODS: Information on Parkinson's disease-related medications was extracted from the national Pharmaceutical Collection of community-dispensed medications for the period January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014. Diagnoses for a large subset of individuals were independently determined through national mortality and hospital admissions data sets. We used a Bayesian model, accommodating uncertainty and bias, to estimate the number of people with Parkinson's disease. RESULTS: We found the highest rate of Parkinson's disease in the European ethnic group and the lowest rate in the indigenous Māori. The 2006-2013 age-standardized incidence (per 100,000 population per year) was European, 33; Asian, 28; Pasifika, 27; Māori, 20. The 2013 age-standardized prevalence (per 100,000 population) was European, 223; Asian, 174; Pasifika, 160; Māori, 114. CONCLUSIONS: There is a differential occurrence of Parkinson's disease across the major ethnic groups within the New Zealand population, with indigenous Māori showing the lowest incidence. Varying susceptibility profiles, gene-environment interactions, and inequalities in accessing health care may play a role in the variation in rates of Parkinson's disease in New Zealand.
BACKGROUND: New Zealand is an ethnically diverse country with a unified national prescribing system. This provides a good framework to use drug-tracing methodology to establish the prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease across different ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease in the major ethnic groups in New Zealand. METHODS: Information on Parkinson's disease-related medications was extracted from the national Pharmaceutical Collection of community-dispensed medications for the period January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014. Diagnoses for a large subset of individuals were independently determined through national mortality and hospital admissions data sets. We used a Bayesian model, accommodating uncertainty and bias, to estimate the number of people with Parkinson's disease. RESULTS: We found the highest rate of Parkinson's disease in the European ethnic group and the lowest rate in the indigenous Māori. The 2006-2013 age-standardized incidence (per 100,000 population per year) was European, 33; Asian, 28; Pasifika, 27; Māori, 20. The 2013 age-standardized prevalence (per 100,000 population) was European, 223; Asian, 174; Pasifika, 160; Māori, 114. CONCLUSIONS: There is a differential occurrence of Parkinson's disease across the major ethnic groups within the New Zealand population, with indigenous Māori showing the lowest incidence. Varying susceptibility profiles, gene-environment interactions, and inequalities in accessing health care may play a role in the variation in rates of Parkinson's disease in New Zealand.
Authors: Campbell Le Heron; Michael MacAskill; Deborah Mason; John Dalrymple-Alford; Tim Anderson; Toni Pitcher; Daniel Myall Journal: Mov Disord Date: 2021-08-10 Impact factor: 9.698