Quantitative imaging of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a process by which eukaryotic cells bend a small region of their plasma membrane to form a transport vesicle that carries specific cargo molecules into the cell. Endocytosis controls the composition of the plasma membrane, imports nutrients and regulates many signalling pathways. The roles of most of the proteins involved in endocytosis have been thoroughly characterised. However, how these proteins cooperate in the cell to drive the endocytic process is not well understood. Microscopy methods have been instrumental in describing the dynamics and the molecular mechanism of endocytosis. Here, we will review the challenges and the recent advances in visualising the endocytic machinery and we will reflect on how the integration of current imaging technologies can lead us toward a quantitative understanding of the molecular mechanisms of endocytosis.