Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy1, Adriana Campa2, Muni Rubens3, Sabrina S Martinez2, Christina Fleetwood4, Tiffanie Stewart5, Juan P Liuzzi2, Florence George6, Hafiz Khan7, Yinghui Li8, Marianna Baum2. 1. Department of Nutrition and Kinesiology, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri. 2. Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, Florida. 3. Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, Florida. 4. Louis A. Johnson VA Medical Center, Clarksburg, West Virginia. 5. Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana. 6. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Integrated Science and Humanity, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, Florida. 7. Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. 8. Statistical Research II, Department of Information Technology, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, Florida.
Abstract
Background: Caffeine acts as an anorexic agent, increases energy expenditures, and decreases total body fat mass, and could be detrimental to people living with HIV (PLWH). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between caffeine consumption, body composition measures (fat mass, body mass index [BMI], and lean body mass [LBM]), nutrient intakes, CD4 counts, and HIV viral load in PLWH. Methods: A convenience sample of 130 PLWH was recruited and followed for 3 months. Caffeine intake, body composition measures, and nutrient intakes were collected using Modified Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire, bioimpedance analyses, and 24-hour dietary recalls. Linear regressions were used to analyze the baseline data for relationships between these variables. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to determine the overtime changes. Results: In baseline, linear regression analysis, higher caffeine consumption was associated with lower fat mass (β = -0.994, p = 0.042). However, BMI and LBM did not show any significant association with caffeine intake. LMM analysis showed that the association between caffeine intake and fat mass strengthened overtime (β = -1.987, p = 0.035). Baseline linear regression analysis showed that higher caffeine intake was significantly associated with lower caloric intakes from fat (β = -1.902, p = 0.044) and lower total caloric intake (β = -1.643, p = 0.042). However, LMM analysis showed that these associations diminished and lost significance overtime. There were no associations between body composition measures, nutrient intakes, CD4 counts, and HIV viral load. Conclusions: Caffeine intake adversely affected dietary intakes of macronutrients and total fat mass. Therefore, caffeine, a known anorectic, should be regulated in PLWH.
Background: Caffeine acts as an anorexic agent, increases energy expenditures, and decreases total body fat mass, and could be detrimental to people living with HIV (PLWH). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between caffeine consumption, body composition measures (fat mass, body mass index [BMI], and lean body mass [LBM]), nutrient intakes, CD4 counts, and HIV viral load in PLWH. Methods: A convenience sample of 130 PLWH was recruited and followed for 3 months. Caffeine intake, body composition measures, and nutrient intakes were collected using Modified Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire, bioimpedance analyses, and 24-hour dietary recalls. Linear regressions were used to analyze the baseline data for relationships between these variables. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to determine the overtime changes. Results: In baseline, linear regression analysis, higher caffeine consumption was associated with lower fat mass (β = -0.994, p = 0.042). However, BMI and LBM did not show any significant association with caffeine intake. LMM analysis showed that the association between caffeine intake and fat mass strengthened overtime (β = -1.987, p = 0.035). Baseline linear regression analysis showed that higher caffeine intake was significantly associated with lower caloric intakes from fat (β = -1.902, p = 0.044) and lower total caloric intake (β = -1.643, p = 0.042). However, LMM analysis showed that these associations diminished and lost significance overtime. There were no associations between body composition measures, nutrient intakes, CD4 counts, and HIV viral load. Conclusions: Caffeine intake adversely affected dietary intakes of macronutrients and total fat mass. Therefore, caffeine, a known anorectic, should be regulated in PLWH.
Entities:
Keywords:
body composition; caffeine; macronutrient; people living with HIV
Authors: G Shor-Posner; A Campa; G Zhang; N Persaud; M J Miguez-Burbano; J Quesada; M A Fletcher; J B Page; M K Baum Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2000-01-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: S M Hammer; K E Squires; M D Hughes; J M Grimes; L M Demeter; J S Currier; J J Eron; J E Feinberg; H H Balfour; L R Deyton; J A Chodakewitz; M A Fischl Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1997-09-11 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: J C Melchior; D Salmon; D Rigaud; C Leport; E Bouvet; P Detruchis; J L Vildé; F Vachon; J P Coulaud; M Apfelbaum Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 1991-02 Impact factor: 7.045