A proposed method for in vivo determination of lithium in human brain.

A method for measuring Li in vivo in human brain is presented. The technique is based on the measurement of tritium gas exhaled by the subject following neutron irradiation of the organ of interest. The gas collection facility used to separate minute amounts of tritium from the breath is described. Methods for reducing the background levels of tritium were investigated. The limit of detection of the system is estimated to be 350 micrograms of Li for the whole brain for a dose of 10 mSv. This detection limit is sufficient for the study of patients treated with lithium compounds, but is too high to study 'normal' brain lithium content. The rate of elimination of tritium gas from the body was also investigated in animal studies. The method also appears suitable for the measurement of lithium levels in the kidney.