Enrico Borrelli1, Marcela Lonngi2, Siva Balasubramanian3, Tudor C Tepelus3, Elmira Baghdasaryan3, Stacy L Pineles4, Federico G Velez5, David Sarraf6, SriniVas R Sadda3, Irena Tsui7. 1. Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California; Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. 3. Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California; Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: Pineles@jsei.ucla.edu. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; Olive View UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, California. 7. Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California; Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, California.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the choriocapillaris in children with amblyopia, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). METHODS: Patients with amblyopia and age-matched controls were prospectively imaged using OCT-A. On OCT-A, the choriocapillaris measures 30 μm starting 31 μm posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. The section of choriocapillaris under superficial retinal vessels was excluded from analysis to avoid shadowing or projection artifacts. The main outcome measure was choriocapillaris vessel density. Secondary outcome measures were foveal macular thickness and parafoveal macular thickness. RESULTS: A total of 20 eyes of 16 patients with amblyopia and 25 eyes of 25 controls were included. Mean age of amblyopic subjects was 7.6 ± 3.6 years; of controls, 9.3 ± 2.2 years (P = 0.10). Mean refractive error of subjects was 4.3 ± 6.2 D; of controls, 0.0 ± 1.6 D (P = 0.004). Mean choriocapillaris vessel density was 74.8 ± 5.8 in the amblyopic group and 71.1 ± 3.6 in the control group, which was significant even after adjusting for age and refractive error (P = 0.012). There was no difference between groups in foveal macular thickness or parafoveal macular thickness; however, outer parafoveal macular thickness (the inner boundary of the inner nuclear layer to the retinal pigment epithelium outer boundary) was significantly greater in amblyopic eyes than in control eyes, even after adjusting for age and refractive error (203 ± 11 μm and 189 ± 12 μm, resp. [P = 0.014]). CONCLUSIONS: In our study cohort, amblyopic eyes were found to have increased choriocapillaris vessel density as well as a greater outer parafoveal macular thickness, which may be due to alterations in outer retinal maturation.
PURPOSE: To investigate the choriocapillaris in children with amblyopia, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). METHODS:Patients with amblyopia and age-matched controls were prospectively imaged using OCT-A. On OCT-A, the choriocapillaris measures 30 μm starting 31 μm posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. The section of choriocapillaris under superficial retinal vessels was excluded from analysis to avoid shadowing or projection artifacts. The main outcome measure was choriocapillaris vessel density. Secondary outcome measures were foveal macular thickness and parafoveal macular thickness. RESULTS: A total of 20 eyes of 16 patients with amblyopia and 25 eyes of 25 controls were included. Mean age of amblyopic subjects was 7.6 ± 3.6 years; of controls, 9.3 ± 2.2 years (P = 0.10). Mean refractive error of subjects was 4.3 ± 6.2 D; of controls, 0.0 ± 1.6 D (P = 0.004). Mean choriocapillaris vessel density was 74.8 ± 5.8 in the amblyopic group and 71.1 ± 3.6 in the control group, which was significant even after adjusting for age and refractive error (P = 0.012). There was no difference between groups in foveal macular thickness or parafoveal macular thickness; however, outer parafoveal macular thickness (the inner boundary of the inner nuclear layer to the retinal pigment epithelium outer boundary) was significantly greater in amblyopic eyes than in control eyes, even after adjusting for age and refractive error (203 ± 11 μm and 189 ± 12 μm, resp. [P = 0.014]). CONCLUSIONS: In our study cohort, amblyopic eyes were found to have increased choriocapillaris vessel density as well as a greater outer parafoveal macular thickness, which may be due to alterations in outer retinal maturation.
Authors: Emily S Wong; Xiu-Juan Zhang; Nan Yuan; Jian Li; C P Pang; Lijia Chen; Clement C Tham; Carol Y Cheung; Jason C Yam Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2020-08-01 Impact factor: 7.389