Anitha Pitchika1,2, Manja Jolink1,2, Christiane Winkler1,2,3, Sandra Hummel1,2,3, Nadine Hummel1,2, Jan Krumsiek4,5, Gabi Kastenmüller6, Jennifer Raab1,2, Olga Kordonouri7, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler8,9,10, Andreas Beyerlein1,2,4. 1. Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 2. Forschergruppe Diabetes, Technical University Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 3. Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 4. Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 5. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 6. Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 7. Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Hannover, Germany. 8. Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. anette-g.ziegler@helmholtz-muenchen.de. 9. Forschergruppe Diabetes, Technical University Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. anette-g.ziegler@helmholtz-muenchen.de. 10. Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. anette-g.ziegler@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Exposure to an intrauterine hyperglycaemic environment has been suggested to increase the offspring's later risk for being overweight or having metabolic abnormalities, but conclusive evidence for pregnancies affected by maternal type 1 diabetes is still lacking. This study aims to analyse the relationship between maternal type 1 diabetes and the offspring's metabolic health and investigate whether birthweight and/or changes in the offspring's metabolome are in the potential pathway. METHODS: We analysed data from 610 and 2169 offspring having a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes from the TEENDIAB and BABYDIAB/BABYDIET cohorts, respectively. Anthropometric and metabolic outcomes, assessed longitudinally at 0.3-18 years of age, were compared between offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes and offspring of non-diabetic mothers but with fathers or siblings with type 1 diabetes using mixed regression models. Non-targeted metabolomic measurements were carried out in 500 individuals from TEENDIAB and analysed with maternal type 1 diabetes and offspring overweight status. RESULTS: The offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes had a higher BMI SD score (SDS) and an increased risk for being overweight than the offspring of non-diabetic mothers (e.g. OR for overweight status in TEENDIAB 2.40 [95% CI 1.41, 4.06]). Further, waist circumference SDS, fasting levels of glucose, insulin and C-peptide, and insulin resistance and abdominal obesity were significantly increased in the offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes, even when adjusted for potential confounders and birthweight. Metabolite patterns related to androgenic steroids and branched-chain amino acids were found to be associated with offspring's overweight status, but no significant associations were observed between maternal type 1 diabetes and metabolite concentrations in the offspring. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION: Maternal type 1 diabetes is associated with offspring's overweight status and metabolic health in later life, but this is unlikely to be caused by alterations in the offspring's metabolome.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Exposure to an intrauterine hyperglycaemic environment has been suggested to increase the offspring's later risk for being overweight or having metabolic abnormalities, but conclusive evidence for pregnancies affected by maternal type 1 diabetes is still lacking. This study aims to analyse the relationship between maternal type 1 diabetes and the offspring's metabolic health and investigate whether birthweight and/or changes in the offspring's metabolome are in the potential pathway. METHODS: We analysed data from 610 and 2169 offspring having a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes from the TEENDIAB and BABYDIAB/BABYDIET cohorts, respectively. Anthropometric and metabolic outcomes, assessed longitudinally at 0.3-18 years of age, were compared between offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes and offspring of non-diabetic mothers but with fathers or siblings with type 1 diabetes using mixed regression models. Non-targeted metabolomic measurements were carried out in 500 individuals from TEENDIAB and analysed with maternal type 1 diabetes and offspring overweight status. RESULTS: The offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes had a higher BMI SD score (SDS) and an increased risk for being overweight than the offspring of non-diabetic mothers (e.g. OR for overweight status in TEENDIAB 2.40 [95% CI 1.41, 4.06]). Further, waist circumference SDS, fasting levels of glucose, insulin and C-peptide, and insulin resistance and abdominal obesity were significantly increased in the offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes, even when adjusted for potential confounders and birthweight. Metabolite patterns related to androgenic steroids and branched-chain amino acids were found to be associated with offspring's overweight status, but no significant associations were observed between maternal type 1 diabetes and metabolite concentrations in the offspring. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION:Maternal type 1 diabetes is associated with offspring's overweight status and metabolic health in later life, but this is unlikely to be caused by alterations in the offspring's metabolome.
Authors: Zuzana Vlachová; Birgitte Bytoft; Sine Knorr; Tine D Clausen; Rikke Beck Jensen; Elisabeth R Mathiesen; Kurt Højlund; Per Ovesen; Henning Beck-Nielsen; Claus H Gravholt; Peter Damm; Dorte M Jensen Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2015-04-30 Impact factor: 10.122
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Authors: Cedric A Korpijaakko; Mia D Eriksson; Niko S Wasenius; Miira M Klemetti; Kari Teramo; Hannu Kautiainen; Johan G Eriksson; Merja K Laine Journal: Cardiovasc Diabetol Date: 2022-09-06 Impact factor: 8.949