Leandro Chambrone1,2,3, Giovan Paolo Pini Prato4. 1. School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University (Unib), São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Unit of Basic Oral Investigation (UIBO), School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota, Colombia. 3. Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. 4. Tuscany Academy of Dental Research (ATRO), Florence, Italy.