S Pérez-Pérez1, M I Domínguez-Mozo1, M Á García-Martínez1, Y Aladro2, M Martínez-Ginés3, J M García-Domínguez3, C López de Silanes4, I Casanova4, I Ortega-Madueño5, L López-Lozano5, M J Torrejón5, R Arroyo6, R Álvarez-Lafuente1. 1. Grupo Investigación EM, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid. 2. Servicio Neurología, Hospital Universitario Getafe, Getafe. 3. Servicio Neurología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid. 4. Servicio Neurología, Hospital Universitario Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz. 5. Servicio Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid. 6. Servicio Neurología, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although the causes of multiple sclerosis (MS) remain partially unknown, environmental and genetic factors are thought to play a role in its aetiopathogenesis. Hypovitaminosis D, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections have been described as possible MS triggers. Our aim was to analyse the possible link between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and viruses in patients with MS. METHODS: We included 482 patients with MS in a 2-year study. Serum samples were collected to analyse 25(OH)D levels and, according to sample availability, antibody titres against EBV and HHV-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DNA was extracted from blood in order to analyse EBV and HHV-6 viral load by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and to genotype MS-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3135388, rs2248359 and rs12368653) when possible. RESULTS: The 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher in the first semester of the year than in the second. Carriers of the risk allele rs2248359-C showed lower 25(OH)D levels than non-carriers. For EBV, viral load was significantly higher when 25(OH)D levels were low, demonstrating an inverse correlation between 25(OH)D levels and EBV load. CONCLUSIONS: The 25(OH)D levels could be involved in the regulation of EBV replication/reactivation in patients with MS.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although the causes of multiple sclerosis (MS) remain partially unknown, environmental and genetic factors are thought to play a role in its aetiopathogenesis. Hypovitaminosis D, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections have been described as possible MS triggers. Our aim was to analyse the possible link between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and viruses in patients with MS. METHODS: We included 482 patients with MS in a 2-year study. Serum samples were collected to analyse 25(OH)D levels and, according to sample availability, antibody titres against EBV and HHV-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DNA was extracted from blood in order to analyse EBV and HHV-6 viral load by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and to genotype MS-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3135388, rs2248359 and rs12368653) when possible. RESULTS: The 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher in the first semester of the year than in the second. Carriers of the risk allele rs2248359-C showed lower 25(OH)D levels than non-carriers. For EBV, viral load was significantly higher when 25(OH)D levels were low, demonstrating an inverse correlation between 25(OH)D levels and EBV load. CONCLUSIONS: The 25(OH)D levels could be involved in the regulation of EBV replication/reactivation in patients with MS.
Authors: Max Mimpen; Linda Rolf; Geert Poelmans; Jody van den Ouweland; Raymond Hupperts; Jan Damoiseaux; Joost Smolders Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-12-02 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: María Inmaculada Domínguez-Mozo; Lorena López-Lozano; Silvia Pérez-Pérez; Ángel García-Martínez; María José Torrejón; Rafael Arroyo; Roberto Álvarez-Lafuente Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-09-14 Impact factor: 8.786
Authors: Silvia Pérez-Pérez; Pablo Eguia Del Rio; María Inmaculada Domínguez-Mozo; María Ángel García-Martínez; María Francisca Zapata-Ramos; Maria Jose Torrejon; Rafael Arroyo; Roberto Alvarez-Lafuente Journal: PeerJ Date: 2019-12-18 Impact factor: 2.984