Pilar Amiano1,2, Esther Molina-Montes3,4, Amaia Molinuevo1,2, José-María Huerta2,5, Dora Romaguera6,7, Esther Gracia6, Vicente Martín2,8, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals2,6,9,10, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez2,11, Victor Moreno2,12,13, Jesús Castilla2,14, Inés Gómez-Acebo2,15, José J Jiménez-Moleón2,16, Guillermo Fernández-Tardón2,17, M Dolores Chirlaque2,5, Rocío Capelo18, Lola Salas19, Mikel Azpiri1, Tania Fernández-Villa2,8, Xavier Bessa9,20, Nuria Aragonés2,11, Mireia Obón-Santacana2,12,13, Marcela Guevara2,14, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos2,15, Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez16, Antonio J Molina de la Torre2,8, Ana-Belén Vega21, Marina Pollán2,11, Manolis Kogevinas2,6,9,10, María José Sánchez2,22. 1. Health Department, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain. 2. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain. 3. Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain. memolina@cnio.es. 4. CIBER Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain. memolina@cnio.es. 5. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain. 6. ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain. 7. Medical Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma, Spain. 8. Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud, Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain. 9. IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain. 10. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. 11. Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 12. Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) and IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. 13. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 14. Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. 15. Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 16. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Servicio Andaluz de Salud/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. 17. Universitary Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. 18. Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain. 19. Dirección General de Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain. 20. Gastroenterology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. 21. Gastroenterology, Hospital de Viladecans, Viladecans, 08840, Barcelona, Spain. 22. Andalusian School of Public Health and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Servicio Andaluz de Salud/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Studies attempting to link dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant activity (NEAC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have reported mixed results. We examined this association in the Spanish Multicase-Control Study considering the likely influence of coffee and other dietary factors. METHODS: 1718 CRC cases and 3312 matched-controls provided information about diet through a validated 140-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary NEAC was estimated for three methods [total radical-trapping antioxidant parameters (TRAP), ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and TEAC-ABTS] using published values of NEAC content in food, with and without coffee's NEAC. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated through unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for lifestyle and dietary factors. RESULTS: Overall dietary intake of NEAC was significantly lower in cases compared to controls and associated with a significantly reduced CRC risk, in both men (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.96 for FRAP) and women (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.53, 95% CI 0.32-085 for FRAP), in multivariate models with and without the antioxidant contribution from coffee. The effect was similar for all the NEAC methods evaluated and for both colon and rectum. The association between dietary NEAC and CRC risk became non-significant when adjusting for fiber intake. However, intakes of NEAC and fiber were correlated. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that intake of an antioxidant-rich plant-based diet, both with and without NEAC from coffee, is associated with decreased CRC risk.
PURPOSE: Studies attempting to link dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant activity (NEAC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have reported mixed results. We examined this association in the Spanish Multicase-Control Study considering the likely influence of coffee and other dietary factors. METHODS: 1718 CRC cases and 3312 matched-controls provided information about diet through a validated 140-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary NEAC was estimated for three methods [total radical-trapping antioxidant parameters (TRAP), ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and TEAC-ABTS] using published values of NEAC content in food, with and without coffee's NEAC. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated through unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for lifestyle and dietary factors. RESULTS: Overall dietary intake of NEAC was significantly lower in cases compared to controls and associated with a significantly reduced CRC risk, in both men (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.96 for FRAP) and women (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.53, 95% CI 0.32-085 for FRAP), in multivariate models with and without the antioxidant contribution from coffee. The effect was similar for all the NEAC methods evaluated and for both colon and rectum. The association between dietary NEAC and CRC risk became non-significant when adjusting for fiber intake. However, intakes of NEAC and fiber were correlated. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that intake of an antioxidant-rich plant-based diet, both with and without NEAC from coffee, is associated with decreased CRC risk.
Authors: Letícia L D Santos; Isis D D Custódio; Alinne T F Silva; Izabella C C Ferreira; Eduarda C Marinho; Douglas C Caixeta; Adriele V Souza; Renata R Teixeira; Thaise G Araújo; Nitin Shivappa; James R Hébert; Carlos Eduardo Paiva; Foued S Espíndola; Luiz Ricardo Goulart; Yara C P Maia Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-10-28 Impact factor: 5.717