Gino Seravalle1, Giuseppe Mancia1, Guido Grassi2,3. 1. Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20052, Monza, Milano, Italy. 2. Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20052, Monza, Milano, Italy. guido.grassi@unimib.it. 3. IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy. guido.grassi@unimib.it.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the relation between sleep alterations, with or without breathing disorders, and incidence of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases RECENT FINDINGS: Several studies have clearly shown the mechanisms linking sleep disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The sympathetic hyperactivity seems to play a fundamental role in favoring and sustaining the increase in blood pressure values. Several other mechanisms also contribute to this effect and to the increase cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms responsible for the increase in blood pressure values in subjects with alteration in sleep quantity and quality, with or without breathing disorders, have been clearly established. The recent findings refer to the result of meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies or longitudinal studies showing a significant association between short sleep duration and hypertension. It has also been shown that sleep fragmentation could be considered the main determinant of the sympathetic activation independently of the frequency and severity of oxygen desaturation.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the relation between sleep alterations, with or without breathing disorders, and incidence of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases RECENT FINDINGS: Several studies have clearly shown the mechanisms linking sleep disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The sympathetic hyperactivity seems to play a fundamental role in favoring and sustaining the increase in blood pressure values. Several other mechanisms also contribute to this effect and to the increase cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms responsible for the increase in blood pressure values in subjects with alteration in sleep quantity and quality, with or without breathing disorders, have been clearly established. The recent findings refer to the result of meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies or longitudinal studies showing a significant association between short sleep duration and hypertension. It has also been shown that sleep fragmentation could be considered the main determinant of the sympathetic activation independently of the frequency and severity of oxygen desaturation.
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