Peizeng Yang1, Yuanyuan Zhong1, Liping Du1, Wei Chi2, Ling Chen3, Rui Zhang3, Meifen Zhang4, Hong Wang5, Hong Lu6, Liu Yang7, Wenjuan Zhuang8, Yan Yang9, Lin Xing10, Lei Feng11, Zhengxuan Jiang12, Xiaomin Zhang13, Yuqin Wang14, Hui Zhong15, Liqiong Jiang16, Changlin Zhao17, Fuzhen Li18, Shuang Cao19, Xiaoli Liu20, Xuan Chen21, Yanyun Shi22, Weizhong Zhao23, Aize Kijlstra24. 1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. 2. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. 3. The Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 5. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 7. Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 8. Department of Ophthalmology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China. 9. Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China. 10. Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China. 11. Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. 12. Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China. 13. Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. 14. The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. 15. Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. 16. Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Ophthalmic Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. 17. Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. 18. Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. 19. Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No. 4 Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China. 20. Ophthalmic Center of the Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China. 21. Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, People's Republic of China. 22. Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China. 23. College of Information Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, People's Republic of China. 24. University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg, the Netherlands.
Abstract
Importance: To our knowledge, a set of well-defined diagnostic criteria is not yet developed for the diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. Objective: To develop and evaluate a set of diagnostic criteria for VKH disease using data from Chinese patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: This case-control study reviewed medical records of patients from a tertiary referral center between October 2011 and October 2016. Data from 634 patients with VKH disease and 623 patients with non-VKH uveitis from southern China were used to develop the Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (DCV). Data from an additional group of 537 patients with a definite VKH disease diagnosis and 525 patients with non-VKH uveitis from northern China were used to evaluate the diagnostic criteria. Main Outcomes and Measures: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and receiver operating characteristic. Results: Of the 1257 patients used to construct the DCV, 665 (52.9%) were male, and the mean (SD) age at disease onset was 38.6 (13.6) years. The 3-class model and 21 clinical findings were selected by latent class analysis. Variables with a high positive rate in the early-phase or late-phase VKH group or high specificity constituted essential parameters. Constellations of these essential parameters constructed the DCV. The sensitivity and NPV of the DCV were higher than those of the Revised Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (RDC) (sensitivity: 94.6% vs 71.9%; difference, 22.7%; 95% CI, 18.5-27.0; NPV: 94.3% vs 76.6%; difference, 17.7%; 95% CI, 13.9-21.5). The specificity and PPV of the DCV were not different from that of the RDC (specificity: 92.2% vs 93.9%; difference, 1.7%; 95% CI, -1.4 to 4.8; PPV: 89.3% vs 92.3%; difference, 3.0%; 95% CI, -1.4 to 4.8). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the DCV and the RDC were 0.934 (95% CI, 0.917-0.951) and 0.829 (95% CI, 0.803-0.855), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: The DCV were developed and evaluated using data from Chinese patients with VKH disease and showed a high sensitivity, NPV, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in comparison with the RDC. However, they were developed using a retrospective analysis and should be evaluated in prospective studies in other racial/ethnic populations.
Importance: To our knowledge, a set of well-defined diagnostic criteria is not yet developed for the diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. Objective: To develop and evaluate a set of diagnostic criteria for VKH disease using data from Chinese patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: This case-control study reviewed medical records of patients from a tertiary referral center between October 2011 and October 2016. Data from 634 patients with VKH disease and 623 patients with non-VKH uveitis from southern China were used to develop the Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (DCV). Data from an additional group of 537 patients with a definite VKH disease diagnosis and 525 patients with non-VKH uveitis from northern China were used to evaluate the diagnostic criteria. Main Outcomes and Measures: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and receiver operating characteristic. Results: Of the 1257 patients used to construct the DCV, 665 (52.9%) were male, and the mean (SD) age at disease onset was 38.6 (13.6) years. The 3-class model and 21 clinical findings were selected by latent class analysis. Variables with a high positive rate in the early-phase or late-phase VKH group or high specificity constituted essential parameters. Constellations of these essential parameters constructed the DCV. The sensitivity and NPV of the DCV were higher than those of the Revised Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (RDC) (sensitivity: 94.6% vs 71.9%; difference, 22.7%; 95% CI, 18.5-27.0; NPV: 94.3% vs 76.6%; difference, 17.7%; 95% CI, 13.9-21.5). The specificity and PPV of the DCV were not different from that of the RDC (specificity: 92.2% vs 93.9%; difference, 1.7%; 95% CI, -1.4 to 4.8; PPV: 89.3% vs 92.3%; difference, 3.0%; 95% CI, -1.4 to 4.8). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the DCV and the RDC were 0.934 (95% CI, 0.917-0.951) and 0.829 (95% CI, 0.803-0.855), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: The DCV were developed and evaluated using data from Chinese patients with VKH disease and showed a high sensitivity, NPV, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in comparison with the RDC. However, they were developed using a retrospective analysis and should be evaluated in prospective studies in other racial/ethnic populations.
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