Dynamic magnetization on the low temperature magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic composites.

The dependence of frequency and applied magnetic field in the magnetoelectric effect (ME) of the composites 0.68Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-0.32PbTiO3/CoFe2O4 (PMN-PT/CFO) and 0.68Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-0.32PbTiO3/NiFe2O4 (PMN-PT/NFO) are investigated. The results for PMN-PT/CFO composite, show a hysteretic behavior for the ME coefficient, at low temperatures (5 K), for frequencies higher than 1000 Hz. Contrasting with these results, the ME coefficient for the PMN-PT/NFO shows a well-known peak-peak related with the magnetostriction coefficient. Based on energy levels of stabilization for each ferromagnetic phase, it was possible to explain the ME hysteretic distinct behavior of PMN-PT/CFO, because of the degeneracy in the energy levels, due to the spin-orbit coupling causing changes in the dynamic properties of the magnetoelastic interactions.