Management of respiratory complications in a western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) born by cesarean section.

A female western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) infant was delivered by cesarean section (C-section) to an 18-year-old primiparous dam after prolonged labor. The infant required resuscitation at birth and was hospitalized for management of pneumonia and associated respiratory distress secondary to the aspiration of meconium-stained amniotic fluid. The infant received nine days of intensive care with respiratory support, antibiotics, intravenous fluid therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, bronchodilators, and chest physiotherapy. Respiratory support included nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and supplemental oxygen. Complications included right lung atelectasis secondary to bronchial obstruction and pneumonia. Following the resolution of pneumonia, visual reintroductions with the troop were initiated. The dam was given a medical lactation supplement (metoclopramide) and her mammary glands were stimulated to increase milk production. After several days of visual and olfactory introductions, the infant was successfully physically reintroduced to her dam at 12 days of age; the dam showed appropriate maternal response and nursing of the infant. The infant had appropriate growth and development, and 4 years later, has no evidence of negative side effects of neonatal respiratory disease. This is the first reported case of management of neonatal gorilla respiratory disease associated with a C-section, with successful reintroduction to the family group after hospitalization.