Jipeng Jiang1, Chen Dai2, Xuegang Niu2, Hongtao Sun2, Shixiang Cheng2, Zhiwen Zhang3, Xu Zhu4, Yuting Wang4, Tongshuo Zhang5, Feng Duan3, Xuyi Chen6, Sai Zhang7. 1. Institution of Brain Trauma and Neurology Disease, Key laboratory of neurotrauma repair of Tianjin, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of PAP, Chenglin Road No.220, Tianjin 300162, China. Electronic address: 13502034360@163.com. 2. Institution of Brain Trauma and Neurology Disease, Key laboratory of neurotrauma repair of Tianjin, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of PAP, Chenglin Road No.220, Tianjin 300162, China. 3. Department of Automation, College of Computer and Control Engineering, Nankai University, Tongyan Road No.38, Tianjin 300350, China. 4. Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road No.22, Tianjin 300070, China. 5. Department of Clinical Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of PAP, Chenglin Road No.220, Tianjin 300162, China. 6. Institution of Brain Trauma and Neurology Disease, Key laboratory of neurotrauma repair of Tianjin, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of PAP, Chenglin Road No.220, Tianjin 300162, China. Electronic address: chenxuyi1979@126.com. 7. Institution of Brain Trauma and Neurology Disease, Key laboratory of neurotrauma repair of Tianjin, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of PAP, Chenglin Road No.220, Tianjin 300162, China. Electronic address: zhangsai718@vip.126.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Animal models are essential in simulating clinical diseases and facilitating relevant studies. NEW METHOD: We established a precise canine model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on cerebral motor cortex injury which was confirmed by neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and a series of motor function assessment methods. Twelve beagles were divided into control, sham, and model groups. The cerebral motor cortex was identified by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a simple marker method, and intraoperative electrophysiological measurement. Bony windows were designed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and DTI. During the operation, canines in the control group were under general anesthesia. The canines were operated via bony window craniotomy and dura mater opening in the sham group. After opening of the bony window and dura mater, the motor cortex was impacted by a modified electronic cortical contusion impactor (eCCI) in the model group. RESULTS: Postoperative measurements revealed damage to the cerebral motor cortex and functional defects. Comparisons between preoperative and postoperative results demonstrated that the established model was successful. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): Compared with conventional models, this is the first brain trauma model in large animal that was constructed based on injury to the cerebral motor cortex under the guidance of DTI, a simple marker method, and electrophysiology. CONCLUSION: The method used to establish this model can be standardized to enhance reproducibility and provide a stable and precise large animal model of TBI for clinical and basic research.
BACKGROUND: Animal models are essential in simulating clinical diseases and facilitating relevant studies. NEW METHOD: We established a precise canine model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on cerebral motor cortex injury which was confirmed by neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and a series of motor function assessment methods. Twelve beagles were divided into control, sham, and model groups. The cerebral motor cortex was identified by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a simple marker method, and intraoperative electrophysiological measurement. Bony windows were designed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and DTI. During the operation, canines in the control group were under general anesthesia. The canines were operated via bony window craniotomy and dura mater opening in the sham group. After opening of the bony window and dura mater, the motor cortex was impacted by a modified electronic cortical contusion impactor (eCCI) in the model group. RESULTS: Postoperative measurements revealed damage to the cerebral motor cortex and functional defects. Comparisons between preoperative and postoperative results demonstrated that the established model was successful. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): Compared with conventional models, this is the first brain trauma model in large animal that was constructed based on injury to the cerebral motor cortex under the guidance of DTI, a simple marker method, and electrophysiology. CONCLUSION: The method used to establish this model can be standardized to enhance reproducibility and provide a stable and precise large animal model of TBI for clinical and basic research.