Apolline Adé1, Denis Lebel2, Jean-François Bussières3. 1. est candidate au D. Pharm., Faculté de pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France, et assistante de recherche, Unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec. 2. , B. Pharm., M.Sc., FCSHP, est Adjoint au chef, Département de pharmacie et Unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, et Professeur titulaire de clinique, Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec. 3. , B. Pharm., M. Sc., MBA, FCSHP, est Chef, Département de pharmacie et Unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, et Professeur titulaire de clinique, Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The scientific literature on knowledge translation (KT) is vast and complex, and most publications concerning health care interventions involve physicians and nurses. To the authors' knowledge, there have been no literature reviews on KT and its impact on pharmacy practice. OBJECTIVE: To determine the profile of interventions relating to KT in pharmacy practice. DATA SOURCES: The term "pharmacist" was used to search the web platform Knowledge Translation+ (KT+) to identify pertinent articles published between January 2010 and December 2016. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: The main variables analyzed to determine the profile of KT interventions in pharmacy practice were the study's research protocol, the geographic location of the intervention, pharmacist roles, the types of knowledge transferred, and impacts of the interventions. The nature of pharmacy interventions was coded according to the classification on the Impact Pharmacie website. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 114 articles were selected: systematic reviews (n = 25, 22%), randomized controlled trials (n = 45, 40%), retrospective studies (n = 21, 18%), prospective studies (n = 13, 11%), and pre-post intervention studies (n = 10, 9%). Most of the studies (74%) were conducted in a health care institution. The majority of interventions targeted pharmaceutical care steps, therapeutic educational sessions, and patient education. There was a lack of methodological rigour during the development of interventions and in their description. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists are key generators of knowledge, and their interventions related to KT are directed toward patients or other health care professionals. These interventions have mainly addressed the pharmaceutical care process and interdisciplinary work. The implementation of initial and continuing education, the management of information, and the designation of a pharmacist responsible for KT in each pharmacy department might promote the development of such KT. This concept might in turn support the design of a coherent pharmacy practice model.
BACKGROUND: The scientific literature on knowledge translation (KT) is vast and complex, and most publications concerning health care interventions involve physicians and nurses. To the authors' knowledge, there have been no literature reviews on KT and its impact on pharmacy practice. OBJECTIVE: To determine the profile of interventions relating to KT in pharmacy practice. DATA SOURCES: The term "pharmacist" was used to search the web platform Knowledge Translation+ (KT+) to identify pertinent articles published between January 2010 and December 2016. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: The main variables analyzed to determine the profile of KT interventions in pharmacy practice were the study's research protocol, the geographic location of the intervention, pharmacist roles, the types of knowledge transferred, and impacts of the interventions. The nature of pharmacy interventions was coded according to the classification on the Impact Pharmacie website. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 114 articles were selected: systematic reviews (n = 25, 22%), randomized controlled trials (n = 45, 40%), retrospective studies (n = 21, 18%), prospective studies (n = 13, 11%), and pre-post intervention studies (n = 10, 9%). Most of the studies (74%) were conducted in a health care institution. The majority of interventions targeted pharmaceutical care steps, therapeutic educational sessions, and patient education. There was a lack of methodological rigour during the development of interventions and in their description. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists are key generators of knowledge, and their interventions related to KT are directed toward patients or other health care professionals. These interventions have mainly addressed the pharmaceutical care process and interdisciplinary work. The implementation of initial and continuing education, the management of information, and the designation of a pharmacist responsible for KT in each pharmacy department might promote the development of such KT. This concept might in turn support the design of a coherent pharmacy practice model.
Authors: J M Grimshaw; R E Thomas; G MacLennan; C Fraser; C R Ramsay; L Vale; P Whitty; M P Eccles; L Matowe; L Shirran; M Wensing; R Dijkstra; C Donaldson Journal: Health Technol Assess Date: 2004-02 Impact factor: 4.014
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