Aziz Bouymajane1, Fouzia Rhazi Filali2, Said Oulghazi3, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra1, Faouzia Benhallam2, Abdallah El Allaoui2, Jaouad Anissi4, Khalid Sendide4, Bouchra Ouhmidou5, Mohieddine Moumni5. 1. MD, Team of Microbiology and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment, Moulay Ismail University Faculty of Sciences, BP 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco. 2. PhD, Team of Microbiology and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment, Moulay Ismail University Faculty of Sciences, BP 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco. 3. MD, Cellular Genomics and Molecular Techniques of Investigations, Moulay Ismail University Faculty of Sciences, BP 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco. 4. PhD, Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University, Av. Hassan II, P.O. Box 104, Ifrane, Morocco. 5. PhD, Bioactive Molecules, Structures and Functions, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Fes, Morocco.
Abstract
Background: Enterococcus spp. belongs to a group of pathogens which are responsible for serious infections. This study aims at highlighting the raw milk microbiological contamination and at providing data for prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp. isolated from raw cow's milk marketed (without any pasteurization) by street traders. Methods: During the period of May 2015 through April 2016, 150 cow's raw milk samples were collected from street traders in Meknes city. They were examined for the identification of Enterococcus spp. using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined. Results: The results showed that 11.3% (17/150) of samples were positive for the presence of Enterococcus spp., of which 64.7% were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, 17.6% as Enterococcus faecium, 11.8% as Enterococcus durans and 5.9% as Enterococcus hirae. The antimicrobial susceptibility showed that all Enterococcus spp. were resistant to ampicillin. The species E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans and E. hirae were resistant to streptomycin, with percentages of 52.9% (9/17), 11.8% (2/17), 11.8% (2/17), and 5.9% (1/17) respectively. All isolated strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium were resistant to tetracycline. The multiple antibiotic resistance index was elevated in the majority of Enterococcus spp., reaching values higher than 0.5, indicating a risk for public health. Conclusion: This study shows that the raw milk consumed by the population is contaminated with strains of Enterococcus resistant to antibiotics used in breeding for prophylactic purposes. This requires raising the awareness of those involved in the production and marketing of milk, so as to take measures to apply good hygienic practices and rationalize the use of zootechnical antibiotics.
Background: Enterococcus spp. belongs to a group of pathogens which are responsible for serious infections. This study aims at highlighting the raw milk microbiological contamination and at providing data for prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp. isolated from raw cow's milk marketed (without any pasteurization) by street traders. Methods: During the period of May 2015 through April 2016, 150 cow's raw milk samples were collected from street traders in Meknes city. They were examined for the identification of Enterococcus spp. using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined. Results: The results showed that 11.3% (17/150) of samples were positive for the presence of Enterococcus spp., of which 64.7% were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, 17.6% as Enterococcus faecium, 11.8% as Enterococcus durans and 5.9% as Enterococcus hirae. The antimicrobial susceptibility showed that all Enterococcus spp. were resistant to ampicillin. The species E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans and E. hirae were resistant to streptomycin, with percentages of 52.9% (9/17), 11.8% (2/17), 11.8% (2/17), and 5.9% (1/17) respectively. All isolated strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium were resistant to tetracycline. The multiple antibiotic resistance index was elevated in the majority of Enterococcus spp., reaching values higher than 0.5, indicating a risk for public health. Conclusion: This study shows that the raw milk consumed by the population is contaminated with strains of Enterococcus resistant to antibiotics used in breeding for prophylactic purposes. This requires raising the awareness of those involved in the production and marketing of milk, so as to take measures to apply good hygienic practices and rationalize the use of zootechnical antibiotics.
Entities:
Keywords:
16S rRNA; Antimicrobial resistance; Enterococcus spp.; MAR (index); raw cow’s milk
Authors: Ana M Guzman Prieto; Willem van Schaik; Malbert R C Rogers; Teresa M Coque; Fernando Baquero; Jukka Corander; Rob J L Willems Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2016-05-26 Impact factor: 5.640
Authors: Maria de Lurdes Enes Dapkevicius; Bruna Sgardioli; Sandra P A Câmara; Patrícia Poeta; Francisco Xavier Malcata Journal: Foods Date: 2021-04-10