Alessandro Iavarone1, Michele Carpinelli Mazzi2, Gennaro Russo3, Francesco D'Anna2, Silvio Peluso4, Pietro Mazzeo5, Vincenzo De Luca6, Giuseppe De Michele4, Guido Iaccarino5, Pasquale Abete3, Graziella Milan7, Elisabetta Garofalo8, Caterina Musella9, Rónán O'Caoimh10,11, William Molloy10, Gabriella De Joanna12, Valentino Manzo13, Ferdinando Ivano Ambra14, Alfredo Postiglione2, Maddalena Illario15. 1. Neurological Unit, CTO Hospital, AORN "Ospedali dei Colli", Naples, Italy. alessandro.iavarone@ospedalideicolli.it. 2. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. 3. Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. 4. Department of Neurological, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. 5. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontoiatry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy. 6. Research and Development Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy. 7. Frullone Geriatric Center, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy. 8. Neurological Unit, CTO Hospital, AORN "Ospedali dei Colli", Naples, Italy. 9. Italian Association of Alzheimer's Patients (AIMA Campania), Naples, Italy. 10. Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, St Finbarrs Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. 11. Health Research Board, Clinical Research Facility Galway, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. 12. Neurophisiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy. 13. Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy. 14. Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi "Parthenope", Naples, Italy. 15. Health's Innovation Unit, Campania Region, Naples, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To devise an Italian version of the quick mild cognitive impairment screen (Qmci) and to obtain normative data. METHODS: An Italian version of the Qmci screen (Qmci-I) was administered to 307 subjects free from cognitive impairment. The normative sample was divided into three age levels (50-59; 60-69 and 70-80 years) and four education levels (3-5; 6-8; 9-13; >13 years of school attendance). Multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age, sex and schooling on Qmci-I scores (overall and by domains) and to calculate cut-off values, with reference to the confidence interval on the fifth centile. RESULTS: The mean Qmci-I score was 64/100 (SD = 11). The age variable showed a significant negative effect on the overall Qmci-I score, with older people performing worse than younger ones. Conversely, education was associated with higher scores. Significant effects of age and education affected logical memory alone. For the other domains, the following effects were found: (1) higher age associated with lower scores on delayed recall; (2) higher education levels associated with higher scores on immediate recall, clock drawing and word fluency. The adjusted cut-off score for the Qmci-I screen in this sample was 49.4. Qmci-I scores were weakly correlated with those of MMSE (rho = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: The Qmci-I is a rapid and multi-domain short cognitive screening instrument useful for evaluating cognitive functions. However, like other screening tools, it is significantly influenced by age and education, requiring normative data and correction of values when used in the clinical practice.
OBJECTIVE: To devise an Italian version of the quick mild cognitive impairment screen (Qmci) and to obtain normative data. METHODS: An Italian version of the Qmci screen (Qmci-I) was administered to 307 subjects free from cognitive impairment. The normative sample was divided into three age levels (50-59; 60-69 and 70-80 years) and four education levels (3-5; 6-8; 9-13; >13 years of school attendance). Multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age, sex and schooling on Qmci-I scores (overall and by domains) and to calculate cut-off values, with reference to the confidence interval on the fifth centile. RESULTS: The mean Qmci-I score was 64/100 (SD = 11). The age variable showed a significant negative effect on the overall Qmci-I score, with older people performing worse than younger ones. Conversely, education was associated with higher scores. Significant effects of age and education affected logical memory alone. For the other domains, the following effects were found: (1) higher age associated with lower scores on delayed recall; (2) higher education levels associated with higher scores on immediate recall, clock drawing and word fluency. The adjusted cut-off score for the Qmci-I screen in this sample was 49.4. Qmci-I scores were weakly correlated with those of MMSE (rho = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: The Qmci-I is a rapid and multi-domain short cognitive screening instrument useful for evaluating cognitive functions. However, like other screening tools, it is significantly influenced by age and education, requiring normative data and correction of values when used in the clinical practice.
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Authors: Vincenzo De Luca; Giovanni Tramontano; Luigi Riccio; Ugo Trama; Pietro Buono; Mario Losasso; Umberto Marcello Bracale; Giovanni Annuzzi; Rosa Zampetti; Francesco Cacciatore; Giannamaria Vallefuoco; Alberto Lombardi; Anna Marro; Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone; Cristina Ponsiglione; Maria Luisa Chiusano; Giancarlo Bracale; Gaetano Cafiero; Aurelio Crudeli; Carmine Vecchione; Maurizio Taglialatela; Donatella Tramontano; Guido Iaccarino; Maria Triassi; Regina Roller-Wirnsberger; Jean Bousquet; Maddalena Illario Journal: Front Public Health Date: 2021-05-11