Plant species diversity for vegetation restoration in manganese tailing wasteland.

Vegetation restoration is one of the most effective measures to restore degraded ecosystem in mining wasteland. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of some site treatments' three different approaches on the benefits of selective vegetation in the manganese mine. Three different approaches included (1) exposed tailings, the control treatment (tailing site); (2) soil covering of 10-cm thickness (external-soil site), and (3) soil covering of 10-cm thickness, soil ameliorating (adding fowl dung), and seeding propagation of Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers. (rehabilitation site). The results indicated that 18 herb species were taken from 8 families and 4 woody plants in three sites after 1 year. After 3 years, 29 species from 14 families were observed in 3 sites. Meanwhile, compared with tailing site, the plant species of rehabilitation site was more than tailing site, and the plant abundance of external-soil site was similar to rehabilitation site. It was worthy to be mentioned that the plant species of external-soil site and rehabilitation site had a better effect on the plant community coverage of herb layer as compared with tailing site. In summary, the plant species of rehabilitation site had the most species diversity and could be recommended as the ve-restoration modes in manganese tail wasteland.