[Nephrology for urologists].

By the very nature of things there are many overlaps between urology and nephrology. A close cooperation between the two disciplines is necessary for the benefit of the patient. From a nephrological perspective this article explains when and why participation of a nephrologist in treatment is recommended. In this context three essential points are explained: with respect to early recognition, renal hematuria, microalbuminuria, proteinuria, limited renal filtration function and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are signs of renal disease; however, even patients with renal cysts should consult a nephrologist as early as possible due to the currently available treatment options. A delay in progression is possible and necessary for all chronic kidney diseases, independent of the trigger. Even when changes in the life style of the patient is troublesome and the adjustment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia sounds banal, their consistent implementation can result in a marked delay in the necessity for dialysis. The treatment of renal comorbidities is decisive and depends on the severity of the kidney disease. This includes the treatment of renal anemia, arterial hypertension, metabolic acidosis, uremic complications, electrolyte and water balance dysregulation and secondary hyperparathyroidism. By treating these comorbidities a marked reduction in the increased cardiovascular risk of nephrology patients can be achieved.