E Ochom1, A J Meyer1,2, M Armstrong-Hough1,2, S Kizito1, I Ayakaka1, P Turimumahoro1, J M Ggita1, A Katamba1,3, J L Davis1,2,4. 1. Uganda Tuberculosis Implementation Research Consortium, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. 2. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 3. Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. 4. Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Section, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Abstract
Setting: Community health workers (CHWs) increasingly deliver community-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and testing (HCT) services. Less is known about how this strategy performs when integrated with household tuberculosis (TB) contact investigations. Objective: We conducted a prospective mixed-methods study to evaluate the feasibility and quality of CHW-facilitated, home-based HCT among household TB contacts. Design: CHWs visited households of consenting TB patients to screen household contacts for TB and HIV. They performed HIV testing using a serial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay rapid-antibody testing algorithm. Laboratory technicians at health facilities re-tested the samples and coordinated quarterly HIV panel testing for CHWs. We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with CHWs on their experiences in carrying out home-based HCT. Results: Of 114 household contacts who consented to and underwent HIV testing by CHWs, 5 (4%) tested positive, 108 (95%) tested negative, and 1 (1%) had indeterminate results; 110 (96%) samples had adequate volume for re-testing. Overall agreement between CHWs and laboratory technicians was 99.1% (κ = 0.90, 95%CI 0.71-1.00, P < 0.0001). In FGDs, CHWs described context-specific social challenges to performing HCT in a household setting, but said that their confidence grew with experience. Conclusion: Home-based HCT by CHWs was feasible among household TB contacts and produced high-quality results. Strategies to address social challenges are required to optimize yield.
Setting: Community health workers (CHWs) increasingly deliver community-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and testing (HCT) services. Less is known about how this strategy performs when integrated with household tuberculosis (TB) contact investigations. Objective: We conducted a prospective mixed-methods study to evaluate the feasibility and quality of CHW-facilitated, home-based HCT among household TB contacts. Design: CHWs visited households of consenting TB patients to screen household contacts for TB and HIV. They performed HIV testing using a serial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay rapid-antibody testing algorithm. Laboratory technicians at health facilities re-tested the samples and coordinated quarterly HIV panel testing for CHWs. We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with CHWs on their experiences in carrying out home-based HCT. Results: Of 114 household contacts who consented to and underwent HIV testing by CHWs, 5 (4%) tested positive, 108 (95%) tested negative, and 1 (1%) had indeterminate results; 110 (96%) samples had adequate volume for re-testing. Overall agreement between CHWs and laboratory technicians was 99.1% (κ = 0.90, 95%CI 0.71-1.00, P < 0.0001). In FGDs, CHWs described context-specific social challenges to performing HCT in a household setting, but said that their confidence grew with experience. Conclusion: Home-based HCT by CHWs was feasible among household TB contacts and produced high-quality results. Strategies to address social challenges are required to optimize yield.
Entities:
Keywords:
community health workers; home-based HIV testing; tuberculosis
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