Effect of ACTH and prolactin on dehydroepiandrosterone, its sulfate ester and cortisol production by normal and tumorous human adrenocortical cells.

The effect of ACTH and prolactin on the synthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester (DHEAS) was studied in cell suspensions of "normal" and tumorous (adenoma) human adrenal cortex. A stimulation of DHEA and no response of DHEAS production by ACTH in "normal" adrenocortical cell suspension was observed. However ACTH stimulated both DHEA and DHEAS synthesis in tumorous adrenocortical cells. Prolactin did not influence either the basal or the ACTH stimulated DHEA and DHEAS production of adrenocortical cells irrespective of their origin. Our results are compatible with the concept that the biosynthesis of DHEA is under ACTH control, while other factor(s) regulate(s) the sulfate pathway of DHEA secretion under normal conditions. In tumorous adrenocortical cells DHEA may be regulated--at least partly--by ACTH. Prolactin seems to have no direct effect on DHEA and DHEAS synthesis. It is postulated that the relationship between serum prolactin and DHEAS (or DHEA) levels observed by several authors might be an extraadrenal effect of prolactin on adrenal androgens.