Hung-Sheng Shang1,2, Yung-Luen Shih3,4,5, Chao-Ping Chen1, Mei-Hui Lee6, Hsu-Feng Lu7,8, Pei-Yi Chou8, Nien-Chieh Liao8, Yung-Liang Chen9, Shu-Ching Hsueh10,11, Jing-Gung Chung12,13. 1. Graduate Institute of Clinical of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 2. Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 4. School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 5. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 6. Department of Genetic Counseling Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C. 7. Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 8. Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 9. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. 10. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. jgchung@mail.cmu.edu.tw ch1835@chgh.org.tw. 11. Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 12. Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. jgchung@mail.cmu.edu.tw ch1835@chgh.org.tw. 13. Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: Laminarin, mainly found in the fronds of Laminaria, has antimicrobial characteristics and induces immune responses. However, there are no available information to show the laminarin effect on glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels in mice with leukemia in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty normal BALB/c mice were separated randomly into five groups. Group I mice received normal diet as control. Leukemia was generated in groups II-V using WEHI-3 cells: Group II mice received normal diet as positive control; group III, IV and V mice received laminarin at 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/ml with ddH2O, respectively, by oral gavage every 2 days for 14 days (total of seven times). All mice were weighed during the treatment. After treatment, mice were sacrificed, blood was collected for determination of cell markers, liver and spleen samples were weighed, and spleens were used for phagocytosis and natural killer (NK) cell activity and cell proliferation using flow cytometric assay. RESULTS: Laminarin did not affect animal appearances, but increased the body weight at all doses. It reduced the weight of liver at 2.5 and 5 mg/ml and of spleen at 5 mg/ml. Laminarin increased CD3 (2.5 mg/ml) and CD19 (1 and 5 mg/ml) cell populations but reduced CD11b (5 mg/ml) cell populations, however, these did not affect Mac-3 marker level. Laminarin at 1 mg/ml increased phagocytosis by macrophages from peripheral blood mononuclear cell, but did not affect those from the peritoneal cavity. Laminarin increased NK cell cytotoxic activity at all doses and at a target ratio of 25:1 and 50:1. Laminarin did not affect B-cell proliferation, but at 5 mg/ml significantly reduced T-cell proliferation. Laminarin restored glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (2.5 and 5 mg/ml) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (2.5 mg/ml) levels. Based on these results, we suggest that laminarin can promote immune responses and protect against liver injury. Copyright
BACKGROUND/AIM: Laminarin, mainly found in the fronds of Laminaria, has antimicrobial characteristics and induces immune responses. However, there are no available information to show the laminarin effect on glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels in mice with leukemia in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty normal BALB/c mice were separated randomly into five groups. Group I mice received normal diet as control. Leukemia was generated in groups II-V using WEHI-3 cells: Group II mice received normal diet as positive control; group III, IV and V mice received laminarin at 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/ml with ddH2O, respectively, by oral gavage every 2 days for 14 days (total of seven times). All mice were weighed during the treatment. After treatment, mice were sacrificed, blood was collected for determination of cell markers, liver and spleen samples were weighed, and spleens were used for phagocytosis and natural killer (NK) cell activity and cell proliferation using flow cytometric assay. RESULTS:Laminarin did not affect animal appearances, but increased the body weight at all doses. It reduced the weight of liver at 2.5 and 5 mg/ml and of spleen at 5 mg/ml. Laminarin increased CD3 (2.5 mg/ml) and CD19 (1 and 5 mg/ml) cell populations but reduced CD11b (5 mg/ml) cell populations, however, these did not affect Mac-3 marker level. Laminarin at 1 mg/ml increased phagocytosis by macrophages from peripheral blood mononuclear cell, but did not affect those from the peritoneal cavity. Laminarin increased NK cell cytotoxic activity at all doses and at a target ratio of 25:1 and 50:1. Laminarin did not affect B-cell proliferation, but at 5 mg/ml significantly reduced T-cell proliferation. Laminarin restored glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (2.5 and 5 mg/ml) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (2.5 mg/ml) levels. Based on these results, we suggest that laminarin can promote immune responses and protect against liver injury. Copyright
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