Maxime Beretta1, Alain Moreau1, Mélanie Bouvin-Pley1, Asma Essat2, Cécile Goujard2,3, Marie-Laure Chaix4,5, Stéphane Hue6, Laurence Meyer2,3, Francis Barin1,7, Martine Braibant1. 1. Université de Tours et CHRU de Tours, Inserm U1259, Tours. 2. Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CESP Inserm U1018. 3. AP-HP Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre. 4. Université Paris Diderot, Inserm U941. 5. AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France. 6. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. 7. CHRU de Tours, CNR VIH, Tours, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Transmission of HIV-1 involves a bottleneck in which generally a single HIV-1 variant from a diverse viral population in the transmitting partner establishes infection in the new host. It is still unclear to what extent this event is driven by specific properties of the transmitted viruses or the result of a stochastic process. Our study aimed to better characterize this phenomenon and define properties shared by transmitted viruses. DESIGN: We compared antigenic and functional properties of envelope glycoproteins of viral variants found during primary infection in 27 patients belonging to eight transmission chains. METHODS: We generated pseudotyped viruses expressing Env variants of the viral quasispecies infecting each patient and compared their sensitivity to neutralization by eight human monoclonal broadly neutralizing antibodies (HuMoNAbs). We also compared their infectious properties by measuring their infectivity and sensitivity to various entry inhibitors. RESULTS: Transmitted viruses from the same transmission chain shared many properties, including similar neutralization profiles, sensitivity to inhibitors, and infectivity, providing evidence that the transmission bottleneck is mainly nonstochastic. Transmitted viruses were CCR5-tropic, sensitive to MVC, and resistant to soluble forms of CD4, irrespective of the cluster to which they belonged. They were also sensitive to HuMoNAbs that target V3, the CD4-binding site, and the MPER region, suggesting that the loss of these epitopes may compromise their capacity to be transmitted. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the transmission bottleneck is governed by selective forces. How these forces confer an advantage to the transmitted virus has yet to be determined.
OBJECTIVE: Transmission of HIV-1 involves a bottleneck in which generally a single HIV-1 variant from a diverse viral population in the transmitting partner establishes infection in the new host. It is still unclear to what extent this event is driven by specific properties of the transmitted viruses or the result of a stochastic process. Our study aimed to better characterize this phenomenon and define properties shared by transmitted viruses. DESIGN: We compared antigenic and functional properties of envelope glycoproteins of viral variants found during primary infection in 27 patients belonging to eight transmission chains. METHODS: We generated pseudotyped viruses expressing Env variants of the viral quasispecies infecting each patient and compared their sensitivity to neutralization by eight human monoclonal broadly neutralizing antibodies (HuMoNAbs). We also compared their infectious properties by measuring their infectivity and sensitivity to various entry inhibitors. RESULTS: Transmitted viruses from the same transmission chain shared many properties, including similar neutralization profiles, sensitivity to inhibitors, and infectivity, providing evidence that the transmission bottleneck is mainly nonstochastic. Transmitted viruses were CCR5-tropic, sensitive to MVC, and resistant to soluble forms of CD4, irrespective of the cluster to which they belonged. They were also sensitive to HuMoNAbs that target V3, the CD4-binding site, and the MPER region, suggesting that the loss of these epitopes may compromise their capacity to be transmitted. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the transmission bottleneck is governed by selective forces. How these forces confer an advantage to the transmitted virus has yet to be determined.
Authors: Ch Julián Villabona-Arenas; Matthew Hall; Katrina A Lythgoe; Stephen G Gaffney; Roland R Regoes; Stéphane Hué; Katherine E Atkins Journal: Science Date: 2020-07-03 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Michael Tuen; Jude S Bimela; Andrew N Banin; Shilei Ding; Gordon W Harkins; Svenja Weiss; Vincenza Itri; Allison R Durham; Stephen F Porcella; Sonal Soni; Luzia Mayr; Josephine Meli; Judith N Torimiro; Marcel Tongo; Xiaohong Wang; Xiang-Peng Kong; Arthur Nádas; Daniel E Kaufmann; Zabrina L Brumme; Aubin J Nanfack; Thomas C Quinn; Susan Zolla-Pazner; Andrew D Redd; Andrés Finzi; Miroslaw K Gorny; Phillipe N Nyambi; Ralf Duerr Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2019-05-14 Impact factor: 7.561