High level human interleukin 1 production by a hepatoma cell line.

The human hepatic adenocarcinoma cell line, SK-hep-1, was found to constitutively produce Interleukin 1. Addition of the ionophore A23187 and lipopolysaccharide resulted in a 30-fold enhancement in the release of biological activity. Serum supplementation did not affect the level of production. Interleukin 1 from these cells had a molecular weight of 10-20,000 daltons on gel exclusion chromatography. Polyadenylated RNA, when fractionated on sucrose density gradients and injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, produced high levels of biological activity in the 14-16s region. An oligonucleotide probe, complementary to the coding sequence of the Interleukin 1 cDNA isolated from human monocytes, hybridized specifically to this part of the gradient. These results demonstrate that SK-hep-1 cells are a valuable source of material for studying the polypeptide and messenger RNA of Interleukin 1.