Olubunmi O Olubamwo1, Jyrki K Virtanen1, Ari Voutilainen1, Jussi Kauhanen1, Jussi Pihlajamäki1,2, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen1. 1. Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland. 2. Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fatty liver disease (FLD) has been identified as constituting cardiometabolic risk. However, evidence on the association of fatty liver index (FLI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely cross-sectional, with limited evidence on the predictability of incident CVD, and specifically, acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prospective associations between fatty liver as estimated by FLI and incident CVD, and specifically AMI, in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our patients were 1205 middle-aged men free of CVD at baseline. The associations of baseline FLI with incident CVD and incident AMI were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 17 years, a total of 690 incident cases of CVD and 269 cases of AMI were recorded through Finnish registries. For incident CVD, for the high (FLI≥60) versus the low (≤30) FLI category, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.77 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-2.14] in the minimally adjusted model. With increasing adjustment, the association was attenuated progressively. In the most adjusted model, the HR was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.10-1.79). For incident AMI, for the high FLI category, the HR was 1.65 (95% CI: 1.22-2.23) in the minimally adjusted model, but in most comprehensive models when we included metabolic factors, the HR was not significant (HR=1.136, 95% CI: 0.777-1.662). CONCLUSION: FLI can predict incident CVD. However, the predictability of AMI using FLI is subject to interactions of metabolic factors. Individuals with FLI in the moderate to high category should be evaluated and monitored for subclinical or overt cardiovascular (including coronary) disease.
BACKGROUND:Fatty liver disease (FLD) has been identified as constituting cardiometabolic risk. However, evidence on the association of fatty liver index (FLI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely cross-sectional, with limited evidence on the predictability of incident CVD, and specifically, acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prospective associations between fatty liver as estimated by FLI and incident CVD, and specifically AMI, in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our patients were 1205 middle-aged men free of CVD at baseline. The associations of baseline FLI with incident CVD and incident AMI were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 17 years, a total of 690 incident cases of CVD and 269 cases of AMI were recorded through Finnish registries. For incident CVD, for the high (FLI≥60) versus the low (≤30) FLI category, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.77 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-2.14] in the minimally adjusted model. With increasing adjustment, the association was attenuated progressively. In the most adjusted model, the HR was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.10-1.79). For incident AMI, for the high FLI category, the HR was 1.65 (95% CI: 1.22-2.23) in the minimally adjusted model, but in most comprehensive models when we included metabolic factors, the HR was not significant (HR=1.136, 95% CI: 0.777-1.662). CONCLUSION: FLI can predict incident CVD. However, the predictability of AMI using FLI is subject to interactions of metabolic factors. Individuals with FLI in the moderate to high category should be evaluated and monitored for subclinical or overt cardiovascular (including coronary) disease.
Authors: Olubunmi Olujimisola Olubamwo; Jyrki K Virtanen; Jussi Pihlajamaki; Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-07-04 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Jean-Charles Fruchart; Raul D Santos; Carlos Aguilar-Salinas; Masanori Aikawa; Khalid Al Rasadi; Pierre Amarenco; Philip J Barter; Richard Ceska; Alberto Corsini; Jean-Pierre Després; Patrick Duriez; Robert H Eckel; Marat V Ezhov; Michel Farnier; Henry N Ginsberg; Michel P Hermans; Shun Ishibashi; Fredrik Karpe; Tatsuhiko Kodama; Wolfgang Koenig; Michel Krempf; Soo Lim; Alberto J Lorenzatti; Ruth McPherson; Jesus Millan Nuñez-Cortes; Børge G Nordestgaard; Hisao Ogawa; Chris J Packard; Jorge Plutzky; Carlos I Ponte-Negretti; Aruna Pradhan; Kausik K Ray; Željko Reiner; Paul M Ridker; Massimiliano Ruscica; Shaukat Sadikot; Hitoshi Shimano; Piyamitr Sritara; Jane K Stock; Ta-Chen Su; Andrey V Susekov; André Tartar; Marja-Riitta Taskinen; Alexander Tenenbaum; Lale S Tokgözoğlu; Brian Tomlinson; Anne Tybjærg-Hansen; Paul Valensi; Michal Vrablík; Walter Wahli; Gerald F Watts; Shizuya Yamashita; Koutaro Yokote; Alberto Zambon; Peter Libby Journal: Cardiovasc Diabetol Date: 2019-06-04 Impact factor: 9.951
Authors: Olubunmi O Olubamwo; Jyrki K Virtanen; Jussi Pihlajamaki; Pekka Mantyselka; Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-09-05 Impact factor: 2.692