Plasmodium falciparum: differentiation of isolates with DNA hybridization using antigen gene probes.

Chromosomal DNA was prepared from seven Plasmodium falciparum isolates that had been cultured in vitro and from a cloned P. falciparum line. The DNA was cleaved with restriction endonucleases, fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis, blotted to nitrocellulose, and hybridized with a series of radioactively labeled DNA probes. The probes had been derived from cDNA clones encoding portions of P. falciparum antigens. Simple, reproducible band patterns that differed for many of the isolates were obtained. Parasite isolates collected from different continents could be readily distinguished, as could some but not all isolates collected from one restricted region of Papua New Guinea. Application of this technique for the identification and differentiation of parasite strains was explored. The patterns of hybridization observed were consistent with the proposition that blood stages of P. falciparum have a haploid genome.