Natalia López-Palacios1, Virginia Pascual2, Mercedes Castaño3, Andrés Bodas4, Marta Fernández-Prieto5, Laura Espino-Paisán6, Eva Martínez-Ojinaga7, Isabel Salazar8, Raquel Martínez-Curiel9, Enrique Rey10, Lourdes Estrada11, Magdalena Molero-Abraham12, Pedro A Reche12, Romina Dieli-Crimi13, Concepción Núñez14. 1. Department of Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: nlopezp@salud.madrid.org. 2. Laboratory of research in Complex Disease Genetics, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: vpascual@salud.madrid.org. 3. Laboratory of research in Complex Disease Genetics, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: m.mercedes.castano@salud.madrid.org. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: andres.bodas@salud.madrid.org. 5. Laboratory of research in Complex Disease Genetics, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mfprieto@salud.madrid.org. 6. Laboratory of research in Complex Disease Genetics, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: laura.espino@salud.madrid.org. 7. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. 8. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 9. Laboratory of research in Complex Disease Genetics, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: rmarti04@ucm.es. 10. Department of Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. 11. Department of Pathology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: lourdes.estrada@salud.madrid.org. 12. Immunomedicine Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 13. Department of Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: romina.dieli@salud.madrid.org. 14. Department of Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mariaconcepcion.nunez@salud.madrid.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: To diagnose coeliac disease (CD) in individuals on a gluten free diet (GFD), we aimed to assess the utility of detecting activated γδ and CD8 T cells expressing gut-homing receptors after a short gluten challenge. METHODS: We studied 15 CD patients and 35 non-CD controls, all exposed to three days of gluten when following a GFD. Peripheral blood was collected before and six days after starting gluten consumption, and the expression of CD103, β7 and CD38 in γδ and CD8 T cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Determination of IFN-γ and IP-10 was performed by means of ELISPOT and/or Luminex technology. RESULTS: We observed both γδ and CD8 T cells coexpressing CD103, β7hi and CD38 in every patient with CD on day six, but only in one control. The studied CD8 T subpopulation was easier to detect than the γδ subpopulation. Increased IFN-γ and IP-10 levels after challenge were observed in patients with CD, but not in controls. CONCLUSION: A short three-day gluten challenge elicits the activation of CD103+ β7hi CD8+ T cells in CD. These cells can be detected by flow cytometry in peripheral blood, opening new possibilities for CD diagnosis in individuals on a GFD.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: To diagnose coeliac disease (CD) in individuals on a gluten free diet (GFD), we aimed to assess the utility of detecting activated γδ and CD8 T cells expressing gut-homing receptors after a short gluten challenge. METHODS: We studied 15 CDpatients and 35 non-CD controls, all exposed to three days of gluten when following a GFD. Peripheral blood was collected before and six days after starting gluten consumption, and the expression of CD103, β7 and CD38 in γδ and CD8 T cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Determination of IFN-γ and IP-10 was performed by means of ELISPOT and/or Luminex technology. RESULTS: We observed both γδ and CD8 T cells coexpressing CD103, β7hi and CD38 in every patient with CD on day six, but only in one control. The studied CD8 T subpopulation was easier to detect than the γδ subpopulation. Increased IFN-γ and IP-10 levels after challenge were observed in patients with CD, but not in controls. CONCLUSION: A short three-day gluten challenge elicits the activation of CD103+ β7hi CD8+ T cells in CD. These cells can be detected by flow cytometry in peripheral blood, opening new possibilities for CD diagnosis in individuals on a GFD.
Authors: Aarón D Ramírez-Sánchez; Ineke L Tan; B C Gonera-de Jong; Marijn C Visschedijk; Iris Jonkers; Sebo Withoff Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2020-11-12 Impact factor: 5.923