MicroRNA-374b promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells through targeting Hes1.

Accumulating evidence has documented that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and differentiation. MiRNA-374b (miR-374b) has been reported to play an important role in regulating various cellular processes, such as proliferation and differentiation. However, whether miR-374b is involved in NSC proliferation and differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential role of miR-374b in regulating NSC proliferation and differentiation to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Our results showed that miR-374b expression was significantly upregulated during NSC differentiation. Functional experiments showed that overexpression of miR-374b promoted NSC proliferation and differentiation to neurons. By contrast, miR-374b inhibition showed the opposite effect. Hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), a master regulator of neurogenesis, was predicted as a potential target gene of miR-374b by bioinformatics analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-374b could directly target the 3'-untranslated region of Hes1. Further experiments showed that miR-374b negatively regulated the mRNA and protein expression of Hes1 in NSCs. Moreover, overexpression of Hes1 significantly reversed the miR-374b overexpression-mediated effect on NSC proliferation and differentiation. In addition, knockdown of Hes1 abrogated the miR-374b inhibition-mediated effect on NSC proliferation and differentiation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that miR-374b regulates the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs through targeting Hes1 and suggest that miR-374b is a potential target for modulating NSC-mediated neurogenesis.