| Literature DB >> 29895826 |
Jason D Simmons1, Catherine M Stein2,3, Chetan Seshadri4, Monica Campo4, Galit Alter5, Sarah Fortune6, Erwin Schurr7, Robert S Wallis3,8, Gavin Churchyard8, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza9, W Henry Boom3, Thomas R Hawn4.
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and establishes a long-lived latent infection in a substantial proportion of the human population. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that some individuals are resistant to latent M. tuberculosis infection despite long-term and intense exposure, and we term these individuals 'resisters'. In this Review, we discuss the epidemiological and genetic data that support the existence of resisters and propose criteria to optimally define and characterize the resister phenotype. We review recent insights into the immune mechanisms of M. tuberculosis clearance, including responses mediated by macrophages, T cells and B cells. Understanding the cellular mechanisms that underlie resistance to M. tuberculosis infection may reveal immune correlates of protection that could be utilized for improved diagnostics, vaccine development and novel host-directed therapeutic strategies.Entities:
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Year: 2018 PMID: 29895826 PMCID: PMC6278832 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0025-3
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Nat Rev Immunol ISSN: 1474-1733 Impact factor: 108.555