Daniel Ruivo Marques1,2, Ana Allen Gomes3,4, Gina Caetano5, Miguel Castelo-Branco6. 1. Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. drmarques@ua.pt. 2. CINEICC - Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. drmarques@ua.pt. 3. CINEICC - Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. 4. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3000-115, Coimbra, Portugal. 5. ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. 6. Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT, ICNAS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Insomnia disorder (ID) is a prevalent sleep disorder that significantly compromises the physical and mental health of individuals. This article reviews novel approaches in the study of brain networks and impaired function in ID through the application of modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). RECENT FINDINGS: The default-mode network (DMN) is presumed to be correlated with self-referential information processing, and it appears to be altered or unbalanced in insomnia. A growing body of evidence suggests the lack of deactivation of brain regions comprising the DMN when insomnia patients are at rest. Moreover, core areas of the DMN demonstrate greater activation in insomnia patients when compared to healthy controls in self-referential related tasks. Despite the few studies on the topic, underpinning the correlation between abnormal DMN activity and ID deserves further attention in the future. Implications for therapeutics are briefly outlined.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Insomnia disorder (ID) is a prevalent sleep disorder that significantly compromises the physical and mental health of individuals. This article reviews novel approaches in the study of brain networks and impaired function in ID through the application of modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). RECENT FINDINGS: The default-mode network (DMN) is presumed to be correlated with self-referential information processing, and it appears to be altered or unbalanced in insomnia. A growing body of evidence suggests the lack of deactivation of brain regions comprising the DMN when insomniapatients are at rest. Moreover, core areas of the DMN demonstrate greater activation in insomniapatients when compared to healthy controls in self-referential related tasks. Despite the few studies on the topic, underpinning the correlation between abnormal DMN activity and ID deserves further attention in the future. Implications for therapeutics are briefly outlined.
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