James D Cherry1, Matt Zahn2. 1. David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. 2. Orange County Health Care Agency, Santa Ana, California.
Abstract
Background: Measles vaccine failure was first described in 1972. Over the next 20 years, vaccine failure was extensively studied, but during the last 25 years few investigations have been performed. We describe the clinical characteristics of measles in previously vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in California. Methods: All confirmed measles cases reported to the California Department of Public Health from 1 January 2000 through 31 December 2015 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics (rates of hospitalization, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and fever) were compared between the previously unvaccinated, those who had had 1 dose of vaccine, and those who had had ≥2 doses of measles vaccine. Results: There were 232 confirmed measles cases in whom vaccination status was verified; 80% were unvaccinated, 9% had had 1 dose of measles vaccine, and 11% had had ≥2 doses of measles vaccine. Subjects who had had ≥2 doses of measles vaccine had lower rates of hospitalization, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and fever than subjects who had 1 dose of measles vaccine or who were unimmunized. Conclusions: Vaccine failure measles cases were less ill than cases that occurred in unvaccinated patients. Nevertheless, these cases still required the same amount of public health effort in tracing contacts as in cases who were unvaccinated.
Background: Measles vaccine failure was first described in 1972. Over the next 20 years, vaccine failure was extensively studied, but during the last 25 years few investigations have been performed. We describe the clinical characteristics of measles in previously vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in California. Methods: All confirmed measles cases reported to the California Department of Public Health from 1 January 2000 through 31 December 2015 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics (rates of hospitalization, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and fever) were compared between the previously unvaccinated, those who had had 1 dose of vaccine, and those who had had ≥2 doses of measles vaccine. Results: There were 232 confirmed measles cases in whom vaccination status was verified; 80% were unvaccinated, 9% had had 1 dose of measles vaccine, and 11% had had ≥2 doses of measles vaccine. Subjects who had had ≥2 doses of measles vaccine had lower rates of hospitalization, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and fever than subjects who had 1 dose of measles vaccine or who were unimmunized. Conclusions: Vaccine failure measles cases were less ill than cases that occurred in unvaccinated patients. Nevertheless, these cases still required the same amount of public health effort in tracing contacts as in cases who were unvaccinated.
Authors: Kyunghyun Song; Ju Mi Lee; Eun Ju Lee; Bo Ram Lee; Ji Young Choi; Jihee Yun; Se Na Lee; Mi Young Jang; Han Wool Kim; Han-Sung Kim; Song Mi Moon; Yong Kyun Kim Journal: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Date: 2022-01-09 Impact factor: 3.267
Authors: Iana H Haralambieva; Richard B Kennedy; Inna G Ovsyannikova; Daniel J Schaid; Gregory A Poland Journal: Expert Rev Vaccines Date: 2018-12-26 Impact factor: 5.683
Authors: Mark W Tenforde; Jessie Chung; Emily R Smith; H Keipp Talbot; Christopher H Trabue; Richard K Zimmerman; Fernanda P Silveira; Manjusha Gaglani; Kempapura Murthy; Arnold S Monto; Emily T Martin; Huong Q McLean; Edward A Belongia; Lisa A Jackson; Michael L Jackson; Jill M Ferdinands; Brendan Flannery; Manish M Patel Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2021-08-02 Impact factor: 20.999
Authors: Nicklas Sundell; Leif Dotevall; Martina Sansone; Maria Andersson; Magnus Lindh; Thomas Wahlberg; Tobias Tyrberg; Johan Westin; Jan-Åke Liljeqvist; Tomas Bergström; Marie Studahl; Lars-Magnus Andersson Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2019-04
Authors: Hayley R Ashbaugh; James D Cherry; Nicole A Hoff; Reena H Doshi; Vivian H Alfonso; Adva Gadoth; Patrick Mukadi; Stephen G Higgins; Roger Budd; Christina Randall; Guillaume Ngoie Mwamba; Emile Okitolonda-Wemakoy; Jean Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum; Sue K Gerber; Anne W Rimoin Journal: Vaccine Date: 2020-02-24 Impact factor: 3.641