Maria M H Wang1,2, Elliot M Gardner1,2, Richard C K Chung3, Ming Yee Chew3, Abd Rahman Milan4, Joan T Pereira5, Nyree J C Zerega1,2. 1. Department of Plant Science, Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL, 60022, USA. 2. Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Drive, Hogan 2-144, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA. 3. Forest Biodiversity Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109, Kepong, Malaysia. 4. Horticulture Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, P.O. Box 12301, 50774, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 5. Forest Research Centre, Sabah Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia.
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Underutilized crops and their wild relatives are important resources for crop improvement and food security. Cempedak [Artocarpus integer (Thunb). Merr.] is a significant crop in Malaysia but underutilized elsewhere. Here we performed molecular characterization of cempedak and its putative wild relative bangkong (Artocarpus integer (Thunb). Merr. var. silvestris Corner) to address questions regarding the origin and diversity of cempedak. METHODS: Using data from 12 microsatellite loci, we assessed the genetic diversity and genetic/geographic structure for 353 cempedak and 175 bangkong accessions from Malaysia and neighboring countries and employed clonal analysis to characterize cempedak cultivars. We conducted haplotype network analyses on the trnH-psbA region in a subset of these samples. We also analyzed key vegetative characters that reportedly differentiate cempedak and bangkong. KEY RESULTS: We show that cempedak and bangkong are sister taxa and distinct genetically and morphologically, but the directionality of domestication origin is unclear. Genetic diversity was generally higher in bangkong than in cempedak. We found a distinct genetic cluster for cempedak from Borneo as compared to cempedak from Peninsular Malaysia. Finally, cempedak cultivars with the same names did not always share the same genetic fingerprint. CONCLUSIONS: Cempedak origins are complex, with likely admixture and hybridization with bangkong, warranting further investigation. We provide a baseline of genetic diversity of cempedak and bangkong in Malaysia and found that germplasm collections in Malaysia represent diverse coverage of the four cempedak genetic clusters detected.
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Underutilized crops and their wild relatives are important resources for crop improvement and food security. Cempedak [Artocarpus integer (Thunb). Merr.] is a significant crop in Malaysia but underutilized elsewhere. Here we performed molecular characterization of cempedak and its putative wild relative bangkong (Artocarpus integer (Thunb). Merr. var. silvestris Corner) to address questions regarding the origin and diversity of cempedak. METHODS: Using data from 12 microsatellite loci, we assessed the genetic diversity and genetic/geographic structure for 353 cempedak and 175 bangkong accessions from Malaysia and neighboring countries and employed clonal analysis to characterize cempedak cultivars. We conducted haplotype network analyses on the trnH-psbA region in a subset of these samples. We also analyzed key vegetative characters that reportedly differentiate cempedak and bangkong. KEY RESULTS: We show that cempedak and bangkong are sister taxa and distinct genetically and morphologically, but the directionality of domestication origin is unclear. Genetic diversity was generally higher in bangkong than in cempedak. We found a distinct genetic cluster for cempedak from Borneo as compared to cempedak from Peninsular Malaysia. Finally, cempedak cultivars with the same names did not always share the same genetic fingerprint. CONCLUSIONS:Cempedak origins are complex, with likely admixture and hybridization with bangkong, warranting further investigation. We provide a baseline of genetic diversity of cempedak and bangkong in Malaysia and found that germplasm collections in Malaysia represent diverse coverage of the four cempedak genetic clusters detected.
Authors: Elliot M Gardner; Matthew G Johnson; Joan T Pereira; Aida Shafreena Ahmad Puad; Deby Arifiani; Norman J Wickett; Nyree J C Zerega Journal: Syst Biol Date: 2020-09-24 Impact factor: 15.683
Authors: Sunil Kumar Sahu; Min Liu; Anna Yssel; Robert Kariba; Samuel Muthemba; Sanjie Jiang; Bo Song; Prasad S Hendre; Alice Muchugi; Ramni Jamnadass; Shu-Min Kao; Jonathan Featherston; Nyree J C Zerega; Xun Xu; Huanming Yang; Allen Van Deynze; Yves Van de Peer; Xin Liu; Huan Liu Journal: Genes (Basel) Date: 2019-12-24 Impact factor: 4.096