Mark Jenkins1,2, Sophia Nimphius1,2, Nicolas H Hart3,4,5, Paola Chivers2,6,7, Timo Rantalainen2,6,7,8, Kristina Rueter9,10,11, Meredith L Borland9,10, Fleur McIntyre2,12, Katherine Stannage13,14, Aris Siafarikas2,6,7,10,14,15. 1. Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia. 2. Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, WA, Australia. 3. Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, WA, Australia. n.hart@ecu.edu.au. 4. Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. n.hart@ecu.edu.au. 5. Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Building 21, Room 222, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia. n.hart@ecu.edu.au. 6. Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 7. Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Building 21, Room 222, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia. 8. Gerontology Research Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. 9. Emergency Department, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. 10. Medical School, Division of Paediatrics, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 11. Department of Immunology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. 12. School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 13. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. 14. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. 15. Telethon Kids Institute for Child Health Research, Perth, WA, Australia.
Abstract
Fracture incidence data of Australian children and adolescents have not been reported in the literature. A 10-year case review of fracture presentations in Western Australia is provided. Between 2005 and 2015, fracture incidence increased relative to population growth. This is concerning, and interventions are required to reverse this trend. PURPOSE: Fracture incidence in 0-16-year-olds is high and varies between countries. Boys have a 1.5:1 ratio of fracture incidence compared to girls. There are no specific data for Australia. Western Australia is a state with unique geography and population distribution having only a single tertiary paediatric hospital (Princess Margaret Hospital, PMH, in Perth) managing the majority of children and adolescents with fractures in the Emergency Department (ED). The aims of this study were to characterise fracture presentations to PMH-ED and compare the incidence to population data. METHODS: A database audit of fracture presentations between 2005 and 2015 for fracture rates with a sub-analysis for gender, fracture site and age and a comparison to Perth Metropolitan and Western Australian population data was performed. RESULTS: Analysis included 31,340 presentations. Fracture incidence, adjusted for the annual population size, increased from 0.63% in 2005 to 0.85% in 2015 (p < 0.001). The month of May reported the highest fracture rate (p < 0.001) corresponding with the start of the winter sports season. Males had a 1.5 times higher fracture incidence than females (p < 0.001), with upper limb fractures three times more common than lower limb fractures (p < 0.001). Fracture incidence increased with age until the early teenage years (15 years for males; 12 years for females) when a decline occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Increased fracture incidence in Western Australia between 2005 and 2015 identifies a concerning trend for bone health in children and adolescents. Further research is needed to identify potential lifestyle factors that impact fracture incidence translating into evidence-based strategies to reverse these trends and improve bone health.
Fracture incidence data of Australian children and adolescents have not been reported in the literature. A 10-year case review of fracture presentations in Western Australia is provided. Between 2005 and 2015, fracture incidence increased relative to population growth. This is concerning, and interventions are required to reverse this trend. PURPOSE:Fracture incidence in 0-16-year-olds is high and varies between countries. Boys have a 1.5:1 ratio of fracture incidence compared to girls. There are no specific data for Australia. Western Australia is a state with unique geography and population distribution having only a single tertiary paediatric hospital (Princess Margaret Hospital, PMH, in Perth) managing the majority of children and adolescents with fractures in the Emergency Department (ED). The aims of this study were to characterise fracture presentations to PMH-ED and compare the incidence to population data. METHODS: A database audit of fracture presentations between 2005 and 2015 for fracture rates with a sub-analysis for gender, fracture site and age and a comparison to Perth Metropolitan and Western Australian population data was performed. RESULTS: Analysis included 31,340 presentations. Fracture incidence, adjusted for the annual population size, increased from 0.63% in 2005 to 0.85% in 2015 (p < 0.001). The month of May reported the highest fracture rate (p < 0.001) corresponding with the start of the winter sports season. Males had a 1.5 times higher fracture incidence than females (p < 0.001), with upper limb fractures three times more common than lower limb fractures (p < 0.001). Fracture incidence increased with age until the early teenage years (15 years for males; 12 years for females) when a decline occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Increased fracture incidence in Western Australia between 2005 and 2015 identifies a concerning trend for bone health in children and adolescents. Further research is needed to identify potential lifestyle factors that impact fracture incidence translating into evidence-based strategies to reverse these trends and improve bone health.
Entities:
Keywords:
Audit; Bone; Incidence; Paediatric; Population
Authors: Mark Jenkins; Nicolas H Hart; Sophia Nimphius; Paola Chivers; Timo Rantalainen; Karen M Rothacker; Belinda R Beck; Benjamin K Weeks; Fleur McIntyre; Beth Hands; Brendan P Beeson; Aris Siafarikas Journal: J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact Date: 2020-03-03 Impact factor: 2.041
Authors: Erika Bergman; Vasileios Lempesis; Jan-Åke Nilsson; Lars Jephsson; Björn E Rosengren; Magnus K Karlsson Journal: Acta Orthop Date: 2020-06-26 Impact factor: 3.717
Authors: A Raitio; M Ahonen; M Jääskelä; J Jalkanen; T T Luoto; M Haara; Y Nietosvaara; A Salonen; N Pakkasjärvi; T Laaksonen; J J Sinikumpu; J Syvänen Journal: Scand J Surg Date: 2020-10-26 Impact factor: 2.360