Long-Gang Zhao1, Qing-Li Zhang1, Xiao-Li Liu1, Hua Wu1, Jia-Li Zheng2, Yong-Bing Xiang3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. 2. Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. 3. State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. ybxiang@shsci.org.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The association between dietary protein intake and type 2 diabetes risk has been inconsistent in the previous epidemiological studies. We aimed to quantitatively assess whether dietary total, animal, and plant protein would be associated with type 2 diabetes risk. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify related articles by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library through 20th March 2018. Generalized least squares for trend estimation and restricted cubic spline regression model were applied in the dose-response analysis. RESULTS: Eight publications with ten prospective cohorts of 34,221 type 2 diabetes cases were included. After adjustment of potential confounders, a 5% of energy increment from dietary total and animal protein intake was related to a 9% (1.04, 1.13; I2 = 42.0%) and 12% (95% CI 1.08, 1.17; I2 = 14.0%) higher risk of type 2 diabetes respectively. However, for plant protein, a significant U-shaped curve was observed with the most risk reduction at intake of about 6% of energy intake from plant protein intake (Pnonlinearity = 0.001). The results were robust in sensitivity analysis and no publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the consumption of protein particularly animal protein may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
PURPOSE: The association between dietary protein intake and type 2 diabetes risk has been inconsistent in the previous epidemiological studies. We aimed to quantitatively assess whether dietary total, animal, and plant protein would be associated with type 2 diabetes risk. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify related articles by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library through 20th March 2018. Generalized least squares for trend estimation and restricted cubic spline regression model were applied in the dose-response analysis. RESULTS: Eight publications with ten prospective cohorts of 34,221 type 2 diabetes cases were included. After adjustment of potential confounders, a 5% of energy increment from dietary total and animal protein intake was related to a 9% (1.04, 1.13; I2 = 42.0%) and 12% (95% CI 1.08, 1.17; I2 = 14.0%) higher risk of type 2 diabetes respectively. However, for plant protein, a significant U-shaped curve was observed with the most risk reduction at intake of about 6% of energy intake from plant protein intake (Pnonlinearity = 0.001). The results were robust in sensitivity analysis and no publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the consumption of protein particularly animal protein may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Entities:
Keywords:
Dietary protein intake; Dose–response analysis; Meta-analysis; Prospective study; Type 2 diabetes
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