Biofunctionalized peptide nanofiber-based composite scaffolds for bone regeneration.

Bone tissue had moderate self-healing capabilities, but biomaterial scaffolds were required for the repair of some defects such as large bone defects. Peptide nanofiber scaffolds demonstrated important potential in regenerative medicine. Functional modification and controlled release of signal molecules were two significant approaches to increase the bioactivity of biofunctionalized peptide nanofiber scaffolds, but peptide scaffolds were limited by insufficient mechanical strength. Thus, it was necessary to combine peptide scaffolds with other materials including polymers, hydroxyapatite, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and metal materials based on the requirement of different bone defects. As the development of peptide-based composite scaffolds continued to evolve, ultimate translation to the clinical environment may allow for improved therapeutic outcomes for bone repair.