Yunjun Xiao1, Junjie Xia1, Yuebin Ke1, Jinquan Cheng1, Jianhui Yuan1, Shuang Wu1, Ziquan Lv1, Suli Huang1, Jean H Kim2, Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong2, Eng-Kiong Yeoh2, Graham A Colditz3, Xuefen Su4. 1. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China. 2. School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 3. Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 4. School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: Xuefensu@cuhk.edu.hk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effects of nut consumption on inflammatory markers. However, the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis of RCTs was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of nut consumption on selected inflammatory markers. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library database, and Google Scholar were searched for published RCTs that reported the effects of nuts on inflammatory markers as primary or secondary outcomes in an adult population (aged ≥18 y). Summary estimates of weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-three RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Overall, nut consumption significantly reduced the levels of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 (WMD, -0.17; 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.03; P = 0.01), but had no significant effect on other inflammatory markers. In the subgroup analyses by nut types, mixed nuts had a significant effect on ICAM-1 reduction. The significant effect of nuts on ICAM-1 reduction was only observed in parallel, but not crossover RCTs. Additionally, nut consumption significantly reduced ICAM-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in long-term (≥12 wk), but not short-term (<12 wk) RCTs. No significant heterogeneity or publication bias was observed in the studies included. CONCLUSIONS: Nut consumption significantly reduced ICAM-1 levels, but had no effect on other inflammatory markers. More studies are needed to assess the effects of nuts on inflammation.
OBJECTIVE: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effects of nut consumption on inflammatory markers. However, the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis of RCTs was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of nut consumption on selected inflammatory markers. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library database, and Google Scholar were searched for published RCTs that reported the effects of nuts on inflammatory markers as primary or secondary outcomes in an adult population (aged ≥18 y). Summary estimates of weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-three RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Overall, nut consumption significantly reduced the levels of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 (WMD, -0.17; 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.03; P = 0.01), but had no significant effect on other inflammatory markers. In the subgroup analyses by nut types, mixed nuts had a significant effect on ICAM-1 reduction. The significant effect of nuts on ICAM-1 reduction was only observed in parallel, but not crossover RCTs. Additionally, nut consumption significantly reduced ICAM-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in long-term (≥12 wk), but not short-term (<12 wk) RCTs. No significant heterogeneity or publication bias was observed in the studies included. CONCLUSIONS:Nut consumption significantly reduced ICAM-1 levels, but had no effect on other inflammatory markers. More studies are needed to assess the effects of nuts on inflammation.
Authors: Agnieszka Micek; Justyna Godos; Achille Cernigliaro; Raffaele Ivan Cincione; Silvio Buscemi; Massimo Libra; Fabio Galvano; Giuseppe Grosso Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-02-14 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Leila Khalili; Thoraya Mohamed Elhassan A-Elgadir; Ayaz Khurram Mallick; Hesham Ali El Enshasy; R Z Sayyed Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2022-03-29
Authors: Elena S George; Robin M Daly; Siew Ling Tey; Rachel Brown; Tommy Hon Ting Wong; Sze-Yen Tan Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2022-08-01 Impact factor: 11.567