Irina Kovalskys1, Mauro Fisberg2, Georgina Gómez3, Rossina G Pareja4, Martha C Yépez García5, Lilia Y Cortés Sanabria6, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca7, Attilio Rigotti8, Viviana Guajardo1, Ioná Zalcman Zimberg9, Agatha Nogueira Previdelli10, Luis A Moreno11, Berthold Koletzko12. 1. 1Committee of Nutrition and Wellbeing,International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI Argentina),Av. Santa Fe 1145,C1059ABF Buenos Aires,Argentina. 2. 3Instituto Pensi,Fundação Jose Luiz Egydio Setubal,Hospital Infantil Sabara,São Paulo,SP,Brazil. 3. 5Departamento de Bioquímica,Escuela de Medicina,Universidad de Costa Rica,San José,Costa Rica. 4. 6Instituto de Investigación Nutricional,Lima,Peru. 5. 7Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud,Universidad San Francisco de Quito,Quito,Ecuador. 6. 8Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica,Pontificia Universidad Javeriana,Bogotá,Colombia. 7. 9Centro de Estudiosdel Desarrollo,Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV)/Fundación Bengoa,Caracas,Venezuela. 8. 10Departamento de Nutrición,Diabetes y Metabolismo,Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas,Escuela de Medicina,Pontificia Universidad Católica,Santiago,Chile. 9. 11Departamento de Psicobiologia,Universidade Federal de São Paulo,São Paulo,SP,Brazil. 10. 12Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde,Universidade São Judas Tadeu,São Paulo,SP,Brazil. 11. 13Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón),Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn),University of Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain. 12. 15Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich,Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine,Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital,University of Munich Medical Center,Munich,Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Few previous studies in Latin America (LA) have provided data on dietary intake composition with a standardized methodology. The present study aimed to characterize energy intake (EI) and to describe the main food sources of energy in representative samples of the urban population from eight LA countries from the Latin American Study in Nutrition and Health (ELANS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Usual dietary intake was assessed with two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. SETTING: Urban areas from eight countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela), September 2014 to July 2015. SUBJECTS: Adolescents and adults aged 15-65 years. Final sample comprised 9218 individuals, of whom 6648 (72·1 %) were considered plausible reporters. RESULTS: Overall, mean EI was 8196 kJ/d (1959 kcal/d), with a balanced distribution of macronutrients (54 % carbohydrate, 30 % fat, 16 % protein). Main food sources of energy were grains, pasta and bread (28 %), followed by meat and eggs (19 %), oils and fats (10 %), non-alcoholic homemade beverages (6 %) and ready-to-drink beverages (6 %). More than 25 % of EI was provided from food sources rich in sugar and fat, like sugary drinks, pastries, chips and candies. Meanwhile, only 18 % of EI was from food sources rich in fibre and micronutrients, such as whole grains, roots, fruits, vegetables, beans, fish and nuts. No critical differences were observed by gender or age. CONCLUSIONS: Public health efforts oriented to diminish consumption of refined carbohydrates, meats, oils and sugar and to increase nutrient dense-foods are a priority in the region to drive to a healthier diet.
OBJECTIVE: Few previous studies in Latin America (LA) have provided data on dietary intake composition with a standardized methodology. The present study aimed to characterize energy intake (EI) and to describe the main food sources of energy in representative samples of the urban population from eight LA countries from the Latin American Study in Nutrition and Health (ELANS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Usual dietary intake was assessed with two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. SETTING: Urban areas from eight countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela), September 2014 to July 2015. SUBJECTS: Adolescents and adults aged 15-65 years. Final sample comprised 9218 individuals, of whom 6648 (72·1 %) were considered plausible reporters. RESULTS: Overall, mean EI was 8196 kJ/d (1959 kcal/d), with a balanced distribution of macronutrients (54 % carbohydrate, 30 % fat, 16 % protein). Main food sources of energy were grains, pasta and bread (28 %), followed by meat and eggs (19 %), oils and fats (10 %), non-alcoholic homemade beverages (6 %) and ready-to-drink beverages (6 %). More than 25 % of EI was provided from food sources rich in sugar and fat, like sugary drinks, pastries, chips and candies. Meanwhile, only 18 % of EI was from food sources rich in fibre and micronutrients, such as whole grains, roots, fruits, vegetables, beans, fish and nuts. No critical differences were observed by gender or age. CONCLUSIONS: Public health efforts oriented to diminish consumption of refined carbohydrates, meats, oils and sugar and to increase nutrient dense-foods are a priority in the region to drive to a healthier diet.
Entities:
Keywords:
Energy intake; Food sources; Latin America; Plausible reporters; Survey
Authors: Ikram Benazizi; José Miguel Martínez-Martínez; Rocío Ortiz-Moncada; Laia Ferrer-Serret; Allan Krasnik; Elena Ronda-Pérez Journal: J Immigr Minor Health Date: 2021-06-08
Authors: Gerson Ferrari; Adilson Marques; Tiago V Barreira; Irina Kovalskys; Georgina Gómez; Attilio Rigotti; Lilia Yadira Cortés; Martha Cecilia Yépez García; Rossina G Pareja; Marianella Herrera-Cuenca; Viviana Guajardo; Ana Carolina B Leme; Juan Guzmán Habinger; Pedro Valdivia-Moral; Mónica Suárez-Reyes; Andreas Ihle; Elvio R Gouveia; Mauro Fisberg Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-04-27 Impact factor: 3.390