Charles A O'Brien1,2,3, Roy Morello4,5,6. 1. Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. caobrien@uams.edu. 2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. caobrien@uams.edu. 3. Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA. caobrien@uams.edu. 4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. 5. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. 6. Division of Genetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to highlight some of the considerations involved in creating animal models to study rare bone diseases and then to compare and contrast approaches to creating such models, focusing on the advantages and novel opportunities offered by the CRISPR-Cas system. RECENT FINDINGS: Gene editing after creation of double-stranded breaks in chromosomal DNA is increasingly being used to modify animal genomes. Multiple tools can be used to create such breaks, with the newest ones being based on the bacterial adaptive immune system known as CRISPR/Cas. Advances in gene editing have increased the ease and speed, while reducing the cost, of creating novel animal models of disease. Gene editing has also expanded the number of animal species in which genetic modification can be performed. These changes have significantly increased the options for investigators seeking to model rare bone diseases in animals.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to highlight some of the considerations involved in creating animal models to study rare bone diseases and then to compare and contrast approaches to creating such models, focusing on the advantages and novel opportunities offered by the CRISPR-Cas system. RECENT FINDINGS: Gene editing after creation of double-stranded breaks in chromosomal DNA is increasingly being used to modify animal genomes. Multiple tools can be used to create such breaks, with the newest ones being based on the bacterial adaptive immune system known as CRISPR/Cas. Advances in gene editing have increased the ease and speed, while reducing the cost, of creating novel animal models of disease. Gene editing has also expanded the number of animal species in which genetic modification can be performed. These changes have significantly increased the options for investigators seeking to model rare bone diseases in animals.
Entities:
Keywords:
Animal model; Gene-editing; Rare bone disease
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