B N Tagbo1, J M Mwenda2, C B Eke3, B O Edelu3, C Chukwubuike4, G Armah5, M L Seheri6, A Isiaka7, L Namadi8, H U Okafor9, U C Ozumba4, R O Nnani10, V Okafor10, R Njoku11, C Odume12, C Benjamin-Pujah4, C Azubuike4, N Umezinne4, N Ogude10, V O Osarogborun10, M U Okwesili11, S K Ezebilo10, O Udemba11, K Yusuf8, Z Mahmud8, J M Ticha7, E O Obidike3, J M Mphahlele6. 1. Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria. Electronic address: tagbobeckie@gmail.com. 2. WHO African Regional Office, Brazzaville, Congo. 3. Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria. 4. Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria. 5. Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Ghana. 6. South African Medical Research Council/Diarrhoeal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University and National Health Laboratory Service, Medunsa, Pretoria, South Africa. 7. World Health Organization Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria. 8. National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria. 9. Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria. 10. Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria. 11. Mother of Christ Specialist Hospital, Nigeria. 12. Tender Specialist Children's Hospital Enugu, Nigeria.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The high burden of rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is well documented among children under 5 years of age, with the majority of mortality occurring in developing countries. Nigeria ranked second worldwide in the number of rotavirus deaths in 2013. As Nigeria plans to introduce rotavirus vaccine soon, a pre-vaccine documentation of rotavirus disease burden is necessary to determine vaccine impact. METHODS: Routine rotavirus surveillance was conducted during 2011-2016 in 3 sentinel sites in Nigeria using the standard WHO protocol. Children under 5 years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis were enrolled and demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected. A stool sample was subsequently obtained and tested for human rotavirus antigen using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: 2694 children with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled during January 2011 to December 2016; of these, 1242 (46%) tested positive for rotavirus. Among the rotavirus positive cases, 66% and 94% were younger than 12 months and 24 months respectively. Marked peaks in rotavirus positivity were seen in January of each year. Vomiting, and use of oral and intravenous fluids occurred more often in rotavirus positive cases as compared to rotavirus negative cases. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of rotavirus disease highlights the need for urgent introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Nigeria. Additionally, this study provides pre-vaccine introduction disease-burden data that will serve as a baseline for rotavirus vaccine impact-assessment once vaccine has been introduced in the national immunization program.
BACKGROUND: The high burden of rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is well documented among children under 5 years of age, with the majority of mortality occurring in developing countries. Nigeria ranked second worldwide in the number of rotavirus deaths in 2013. As Nigeria plans to introduce rotavirus vaccine soon, a pre-vaccine documentation of rotavirus disease burden is necessary to determine vaccine impact. METHODS: Routine rotavirus surveillance was conducted during 2011-2016 in 3 sentinel sites in Nigeria using the standard WHO protocol. Children under 5 years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis were enrolled and demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected. A stool sample was subsequently obtained and tested for human rotavirus antigen using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: 2694 children with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled during January 2011 to December 2016; of these, 1242 (46%) tested positive for rotavirus. Among the rotavirus positive cases, 66% and 94% were younger than 12 months and 24 months respectively. Marked peaks in rotavirus positivity were seen in January of each year. Vomiting, and use of oral and intravenous fluids occurred more often in rotavirus positive cases as compared to rotavirus negative cases. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of rotavirus disease highlights the need for urgent introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Nigeria. Additionally, this study provides pre-vaccine introduction disease-burden data that will serve as a baseline for rotavirus vaccine impact-assessment once vaccine has been introduced in the national immunization program.
Authors: Ernest O Asare; Mohammad A Al-Mamun; Monira Sarmin; A S G Faruque; Tahmeed Ahmed; Virginia E Pitzer Journal: Proc Biol Sci Date: 2022-06-08 Impact factor: 5.530
Authors: Julia Simwaka; Mapaseka Seheri; Gina Mulundu; Patrick Kaonga; Jason M Mwenda; Roma Chilengi; Evans Mpabalwani; Sody Munsaka Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-02-04 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Chimwemwe Mhango; Jonathan J Mandolo; End Chinyama; Richard Wachepa; Oscar Kanjerwa; Chikondi Malamba-Banda; Prisca B Matambo; Kayla G Barnes; Chrispin Chaguza; Isaac T Shawa; Martin M Nyaga; Daniel Hungerford; Umesh D Parashar; Virginia E Pitzer; Arox W Kamng'ona; Miren Iturriza-Gomara; Nigel A Cunliffe; Khuzwayo C Jere Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2022-06-15 Impact factor: 7.759