Yoshie Yokoyama1, Aline Jelenkovic2,3, Yoon-Mi Hur4, Reijo Sund2,5, Corrado Fagnani6, Maria A Stazi6, Sonia Brescianini6, Fuling Ji7, Feng Ning7, Zengchang Pang7, Ariel Knafo-Noam8, David Mankuta9, Lior Abramson8, Esther Rebato3, John L Hopper10,11, Tessa L Cutler10, Kimberly J Saudino12, Tracy L Nelson13, Keith E Whitfield14, Robin P Corley15, Brooke M Huibregtse15, Catherine A Derom16,17, Robert F Vlietinck16, Ruth J F Loos18, Clare H Llewellyn19, Abigail Fisher19, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen20,21,22, Henning Beck-Nielsen22, Morten Sodemann23, Robert F Krueger24, Matt McGue24, Shandell Pahlen24, Meike Bartels25, Catharina E M van Beijsterveldt25, Gonneke Willemsen25, Jennifer R Harris26, Ingunn Brandt26, Thomas S Nilsen26, Jeffrey M Craig27,28, Richard Saffery27,28, Lise Dubois29, Michel Boivin30,31, Mara Brendgen32, Ginette Dionne30, Frank Vitaro33, Claire M A Haworth34, Robert Plomin35, Gombojav Bayasgalan36, Danshiitsoodol Narandalai36,37, Finn Rasmussen38,39, Per Tynelius38, Adam D Tarnoki40,41, David L Tarnoki40,41, Syuichi Ooki42, Richard J Rose43, Kirsi H Pietiläinen44,45, Thorkild I A Sørensen46,47, Dorret I Boomsma25, Jaakko Kaprio48,49, Karri Silventoinen2,50. 1. Department of Public Health Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan. 2. Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 3. Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain. 4. Department of Education, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea. 5. Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. 6. Istituto Superiore di Sanità - National Center for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Rome, Italy. 7. Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention, Qingdao Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China. 8. Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. 9. Hadassah Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. 10. Australian Twin Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 11. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. 12. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciencies, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. 13. Department of Health and Exercise Sciencies and Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. 14. Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. 15. Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. 16. Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 17. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University Hospitals, Ghent, Belgium. 18. Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 19. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK. 20. Bandim Health Project, INDEPTH Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 21. Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark. 22. Department of Endocrinology. 23. Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. 24. Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. 25. Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 26. Department of Genetic Research and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. 27. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. 28. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. 29. School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 30. École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. 31. Institute of Genetic, Neurobiological, and Social Foundations of Child Development, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Tomskaya oblast', Russian Federation. 32. Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. 33. École de psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. 34. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. 35. King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK. 36. Healthy Twin Association of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. 37. Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. 38. Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 39. Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. 40. Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. 41. Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary. 42. Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan. 43. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA. 44. Obesity Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 45. Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 46. Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 47. Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 48. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 49. Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, Helsinki, Finland?>. 50. Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract
Background: The genetic architecture of birth size may differ geographically and over time. We examined differences in the genetic and environmental contributions to birthweight, length and ponderal index (PI) across geographical-cultural regions (Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia) and across birth cohorts, and how gestational age modifies these effects. Methods: Data from 26 twin cohorts in 16 countries including 57 613 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs were pooled. Genetic and environmental variations of birth size were estimated using genetic structural equation modelling. Results: The variance of birthweight and length was predominantly explained by shared environmental factors, whereas the variance of PI was explained both by shared and unique environmental factors. Genetic variance contributing to birth size was small. Adjusting for gestational age decreased the proportions of shared environmental variance and increased the propositions of unique environmental variance. Genetic variance was similar in the geographical-cultural regions, but shared environmental variance was smaller in East Asia than in Europe and North America and Australia. The total variance and shared environmental variance of birth length and PI were greater from the birth cohort 1990-99 onwards compared with the birth cohorts from 1970-79 to 1980-89. Conclusions: The contribution of genetic factors to birth size is smaller than that of shared environmental factors, which is partly explained by gestational age. Shared environmental variances of birth length and PI were greater in the latest birth cohorts and differed also across geographical-cultural regions. Shared environmental factors are important when explaining differences in the variation of birth size globally and over time.
Background: The genetic architecture of birth size may differ geographically and over time. We examined differences in the genetic and environmental contributions to birthweight, length and ponderal index (PI) across geographical-cultural regions (Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia) and across birth cohorts, and how gestational age modifies these effects. Methods: Data from 26 twin cohorts in 16 countries including 57 613 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs were pooled. Genetic and environmental variations of birth size were estimated using genetic structural equation modelling. Results: The variance of birthweight and length was predominantly explained by shared environmental factors, whereas the variance of PI was explained both by shared and unique environmental factors. Genetic variance contributing to birth size was small. Adjusting for gestational age decreased the proportions of shared environmental variance and increased the propositions of unique environmental variance. Genetic variance was similar in the geographical-cultural regions, but shared environmental variance was smaller in East Asia than in Europe and North America and Australia. The total variance and shared environmental variance of birth length and PI were greater from the birth cohort 1990-99 onwards compared with the birth cohorts from 1970-79 to 1980-89. Conclusions: The contribution of genetic factors to birth size is smaller than that of shared environmental factors, which is partly explained by gestational age. Shared environmental variances of birth length and PI were greater in the latest birth cohorts and differed also across geographical-cultural regions. Shared environmental factors are important when explaining differences in the variation of birth size globally and over time.
Authors: Lene Schack-Nielsen; Christian Mølgaard; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Gorm Greisen; Kim F Michaelsen Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2006-07 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Karri Silventoinen; Aline Jelenkovic; Reijo Sund; Chika Honda; Sari Aaltonen; Yoshie Yokoyama; Adam D Tarnoki; David L Tarnoki; Feng Ning; Fuling Ji; Zengchang Pang; Juan R Ordoñana; Juan F Sánchez-Romera; Lucia Colodro-Conde; S Alexandra Burt; Kelly L Klump; Sarah E Medland; Grant W Montgomery; Christian Kandler; Tom A McAdams; Thalia C Eley; Alice M Gregory; Kimberly J Saudino; Lise Dubois; Michel Boivin; Claire M A Haworth; Robert Plomin; Sevgi Y Öncel; Fazil Aliev; Maria A Stazi; Corrado Fagnani; Cristina D'Ippolito; Jeffrey M Craig; Richard Saffery; Sisira H Siribaddana; Matthew Hotopf; Athula Sumathipala; Timothy Spector; Massimo Mangino; Genevieve Lachance; Margaret Gatz; David A Butler; Gombojav Bayasgalan; Danshiitsoodol Narandalai; Duarte L Freitas; José Antonio Maia; K Paige Harden; Elliot M Tucker-Drob; Kaare Christensen; Axel Skytthe; Kirsten O Kyvik; Changhee Hong; Youngsook Chong; Catherine A Derom; Robert F Vlietinck; Ruth J F Loos; Wendy Cozen; Amie E Hwang; Thomas M Mack; Mingguang He; Xiaohu Ding; Billy Chang; Judy L Silberg; Lindon J Eaves; Hermine H Maes; Tessa L Cutler; John L Hopper; Kelly Aujard; Patrik K E Magnusson; Nancy L Pedersen; Anna K Dahl Aslan; Yun-Mi Song; Sarah Yang; Kayoung Lee; Laura A Baker; Catherine Tuvblad; Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen; Henning Beck-Nielsen; Morten Sodemann; Kauko Heikkilä; Qihua Tan; Dongfeng Zhang; Gary E Swan; Ruth Krasnow; Kerry L Jang; Ariel Knafo-Noam; David Mankuta; Lior Abramson; Paul Lichtenstein; Robert F Krueger; Matt McGue; Shandell Pahlen; Per Tynelius; Glen E Duncan; Dedra Buchwald; Robin P Corley; Brooke M Huibregtse; Tracy L Nelson; Keith E Whitfield; Carol E Franz; William S Kremen; Michael J Lyons; Syuichi Ooki; Ingunn Brandt; Thomas Sevenius Nilsen; Fujio Inui; Mikio Watanabe; Meike Bartels; Toos C E M van Beijsterveldt; Jane Wardle; Clare H Llewellyn; Abigail Fisher; Esther Rebato; Nicholas G Martin; Yoshinori Iwatani; Kazuo Hayakawa; Finn Rasmussen; Joohon Sung; Jennifer R Harris; Gonneke Willemsen; Andreas Busjahn; Jack H Goldberg; Dorret I Boomsma; Yoon-Mi Hur; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Jaakko Kaprio Journal: Twin Res Hum Genet Date: 2015-05-27 Impact factor: 1.587
Authors: Momoko Horikoshi; Robin N Beaumont; Felix R Day; Nicole M Warrington; Marjolein N Kooijman; Juan Fernandez-Tajes; Bjarke Feenstra; Natalie R van Zuydam; Kyle J Gaulton; Niels Grarup; Jonathan P Bradfield; David P Strachan; Ruifang Li-Gao; Tarunveer S Ahluwalia; Eskil Kreiner; Rico Rueedi; Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen; Diana L Cousminer; Ying Wu; Elisabeth Thiering; Carol A Wang; Christian T Have; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Natalia Vilor-Tejedor; Peter K Joshi; Eileen Tai Hui Boh; Ioanna Ntalla; Niina Pitkänen; Anubha Mahajan; Elisabeth M van Leeuwen; Raimo Joro; Vasiliki Lagou; Michael Nodzenski; Louise A Diver; Krina T Zondervan; Mariona Bustamante; Pedro Marques-Vidal; Josep M Mercader; Amanda J Bennett; Nilufer Rahmioglu; Dale R Nyholt; Ronald Ching Wan Ma; Claudia Ha Ting Tam; Wing Hung Tam; Santhi K Ganesh; Frank Ja van Rooij; Samuel E Jones; Po-Ru Loh; Katherine S Ruth; Marcus A Tuke; Jessica Tyrrell; Andrew R Wood; Hanieh Yaghootkar; Denise M Scholtens; Lavinia Paternoster; Inga Prokopenko; Peter Kovacs; Mustafa Atalay; Sara M Willems; Kalliope Panoutsopoulou; Xu Wang; Lisbeth Carstensen; Frank Geller; Katharina E Schraut; Mario Murcia; Catharina Em van Beijsterveldt; Gonneke Willemsen; Emil V R Appel; Cilius E Fonvig; Caecilie Trier; Carla Mt Tiesler; Marie Standl; Zoltán Kutalik; Sílvia Bonas-Guarch; David M Hougaard; Friman Sánchez; David Torrents; Johannes Waage; Mads V Hollegaard; Hugoline G de Haan; Frits R Rosendaal; Carolina Medina-Gomez; Susan M Ring; Gibran Hemani; George McMahon; Neil R Robertson; Christopher J Groves; Claudia Langenberg; Jian'an Luan; Robert A Scott; Jing Hua Zhao; Frank D Mentch; Scott M MacKenzie; Rebecca M Reynolds; William L Lowe; Anke Tönjes; Michael Stumvoll; Virpi Lindi; Timo A Lakka; Cornelia M van Duijn; Wieland Kiess; Antje Körner; Thorkild Ia Sørensen; Harri Niinikoski; Katja Pahkala; Olli T Raitakari; Eleftheria Zeggini; George V Dedoussis; Yik-Ying Teo; Seang-Mei Saw; Mads Melbye; Harry Campbell; James F Wilson; Martine Vrijheid; Eco Jcn de Geus; Dorret I Boomsma; Haja N Kadarmideen; Jens-Christian Holm; Torben Hansen; Sylvain Sebert; Andrew T Hattersley; Lawrence J Beilin; John P Newnham; Craig E Pennell; Joachim Heinrich; Linda S Adair; Judith B Borja; Karen L Mohlke; Johan G Eriksson; Elisabeth E Widén; Mika Kähönen; Jorma S Viikari; Terho Lehtimäki; Peter Vollenweider; Klaus Bønnelykke; Hans Bisgaard; Dennis O Mook-Kanamori; Albert Hofman; Fernando Rivadeneira; André G Uitterlinden; Charlotta Pisinger; Oluf Pedersen; Christine Power; Elina Hyppönen; Nicholas J Wareham; Hakon Hakonarson; Eleanor Davies; Brian R Walker; Vincent Wv Jaddoe; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; Struan Fa Grant; Allan A Vaag; Debbie A Lawlor; Timothy M Frayling; George Davey Smith; Andrew P Morris; Ken K Ong; Janine F Felix; Nicholas J Timpson; John Rb Perry; David M Evans; Mark I McCarthy; Rachel M Freathy Journal: Nature Date: 2016-09-28 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: K Silventoinen; A Jelenkovic; Y Yokoyama; R Sund; M Sugawara; M Tanaka; S Matsumoto; L H Bogl; D L Freitas; J A Maia; J V B Hjelmborg; S Aaltonen; M Piirtola; A Latvala; L Calais-Ferreira; V C Oliveira; P H Ferreira; F Ji; F Ning; Z Pang; J R Ordoñana; J F Sánchez-Romera; L Colodro-Conde; S A Burt; K L Klump; N G Martin; S E Medland; G W Montgomery; C Kandler; T A McAdams; T C Eley; A M Gregory; K J Saudino; L Dubois; M Boivin; M Brendgen; G Dionne; F Vitaro; A D Tarnoki; D L Tarnoki; C M A Haworth; R Plomin; S Y Öncel; F Aliev; E Medda; L Nisticò; V Toccaceli; J M Craig; R Saffery; S H Siribaddana; M Hotopf; A Sumathipala; F Rijsdijk; H-U Jeong; T Spector; M Mangino; G Lachance; M Gatz; D A Butler; W Gao; C Yu; L Li; G Bayasgalan; D Narandalai; K P Harden; E M Tucker-Drob; K Christensen; A Skytthe; K O Kyvik; C A Derom; R F Vlietinck; R J F Loos; W Cozen; A E Hwang; T M Mack; M He; X Ding; J L Silberg; H H Maes; T L Cutler; J L Hopper; P K E Magnusson; N L Pedersen; A K Dahl Aslan; L A Baker; C Tuvblad; M Bjerregaard-Andersen; H Beck-Nielsen; M Sodemann; V Ullemar; C Almqvist; Q Tan; D Zhang; G E Swan; R Krasnow; K L Jang; A Knafo-Noam; D Mankuta; L Abramson; P Lichtenstein; R F Krueger; M McGue; S Pahlen; P Tynelius; F Rasmussen; G E Duncan; D Buchwald; R P Corley; B M Huibregtse; T L Nelson; K E Whitfield; C E Franz; W S Kremen; M J Lyons; S Ooki; I Brandt; T S Nilsen; J R Harris; J Sung; H A Park; J Lee; S J Lee; G Willemsen; M Bartels; C E M van Beijsterveldt; C H Llewellyn; A Fisher; E Rebato; A Busjahn; R Tomizawa; F Inui; M Watanabe; C Honda; N Sakai; Y-M Hur; T I A Sørensen; D I Boomsma; J Kaprio Journal: Twin Res Hum Genet Date: 2019-07-31 Impact factor: 1.587
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Authors: Beverley M Shields; Rachel M Freathy; Maneka Haulder; Alice E Hughes; Robin N Beaumont; Bridget A Knight; Andrew T Hattersley Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2022-08-25 Impact factor: 2.567